Sexual Risk Behavior, Sexism, and Prejudices Towards Sexual Openness, Homosexuality, and Trans Individuals Among Young People in Spain and the UK

Alonso-Martínez, Laura; Forrest, Simon; Sevilla, Davinia Heras; Hönekopp, Johannes; Hawrylak, María Fernández

doi:10.1007/s13178-022-00777-w

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…Research on sexism shows that, although progress has been made in recent decades regarding equality between men and women, sexist attitudes still persist in society (Herrero et al 2017) and among young Spaniards (Aguaded 2017;Alonso-Martínez et al 2022;Azorín Abellán 2017;Esteban and Fernández 2017;García-Díaz et al 2020;León and Aizpurúa 2020;Rodríguez del Pino and Jabbaz 2022), and they are linked to violence among young couples, so they require interventions for prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Violence and Sexism among Young Couples

Muñoz-Galiano,

González-Gijón,

Martínez-Heredia

et al. 2024

Social Sciences

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This study aims to characterise the prevalence of violence in intimate relationships among young university students and the internalisation of ambivalent sexism. The method used was a quantitative, descriptive study of Primary Education and Early Childhood Education groups in Andalusia, Spain. The final sample consisted of 848 participants. As a data collection tool, we used the VIREPA questionnaire and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory. The results show that the most frequent forms of violence in young couples’ relationships are emotional, followed by physical and sexual violence, and emotional violence, followed by physical and psychological violence, with sexual aggression being slightly lower. Concerning the variable sex, although the averages are very close, women have higher averages in terms of emotional, physical, and psychological abuse; personal devaluation; and sexual abuse, while men have higher averages in terms of social and economic control. In addition, low levels of sexism were found to be ambivalent in the sample, with the results being highly differentiated by gender, with men having higher arithmetic means than women. This led us to design educational strategies that avoid inequalities between men and women and that contribute to the eradication of sexism and, consequently, the perpetration of violence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Violence and Sexism among Young Couples

Muñoz-Galiano,

González-Gijón,

Martínez-Heredia

et al. 2024

Social Sciences

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Validation in Spanish and English of the Transgender Inclusive Behavior Scale

Alonso-Martínez,

Heras-Sevilla,

Fernández-Hawrylak

et al. 2024

Arch Sex Behav

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The Transgender Inclusive Behavior Scale (TIBS) seeks to measure transgender-inclusive behavior, specifically actions and language use that support transgender people. The TIBS was developed in the United States. This study aimed to develop a Spanish version of the TIBS and confirm the structure of the English version to explore the psychometric properties and evaluate the construct validity in new contexts. We examined predictors of transgender-inclusive behavior by conducting a comparative analysis between participants from Spain and the United Kingdom. The study involved 1,110 university students, with 545 participants hailing from Spain (375 women, 162 men, and 8 non-binary individuals) and 565 participants from the United Kingdom (368 women, 178 men, and 19 non-binary individuals). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to investigate and validate the factorial structure of the TIBS. The factor analysis results for the 15 items on the scale confirmed a three-dimensional structure in both languages. The scale score reliability was excellent with a Cronbach’s alpha (α) = .95 in the British sample and with an α = .89 in the Spanish sample. Being a woman, being lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer, intersex, and/or asexual, and being non-religious were the strongest predictors of inclusive behaviors towards transgender people in both countries. The correlations found indicated that people with lower sexual risk behaviors, and lower sexist, homophobic, and transphobic attitudes also presented higher inclusive behaviors towards trans people. These findings support the development of community strategies to increase the social inclusion of transgender people. The TIBS is a useful measure to track their success.

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Promoting equity and social justice: analysing the global impact of educational laws on sex education in Spain and the United Kingdom

Alonso Martínez,

Vigo-Arrazola

2024

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PurposeGovernment’s role and sex education are vital in promoting inclusivity and sexual health. To understand the impact that the legislation has had on sex education, it is necessary to evaluate it at the different training levels.Design/methodology/approachThe method used is a critical review aimed at comparing educational and state legislation and its impact on Sex Education in Spain and the United Kingdom.FindingsIn most countries the compulsory contents in the curriculum are oriented to sexually transmitted infections and contraception. Nonetheless, this approach is deemed inadequate and restrictive, failing to cope with the challenges posed by globalization, including the increased spread of sexual infection. Legislative constraints hinder the comprehensive implementation of public health education strategies and social justice concerning sexuality.Research limitations/implicationsScope may miss legislative nuances and regional differences.Practical implicationsFindings emphasize comprehensive sex education to tackle modern challenges and to urge policy makers to incorporate these insights.Social implicationsEnhanced sex education laws foster health equity that will contribute to reducing violence and improving positive attitudes and behaviours.Originality/valueInsufficient analysis exists on the effects of ministry measures in sex education, connecting health, well-being and sustainability. This underscores the urgency of researching the legislative, educational and societal consequences, enabling interventions to address negative sexual attitudes and behaviours, including gender violence, biases against sexual diversity, emotional challenges, sexual freedom and health problems, based on respect for Human Sexual Rights.

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Sexual Risk Behavior, Sexism, and Prejudices Towards Sexual Openness, Homosexuality, and Trans Individuals Among Young People in Spain and the UK

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Gender-Based Violence and Sexism among Young Couples

Gender-Based Violence and Sexism among Young Couples

Validation in Spanish and English of the Transgender Inclusive Behavior Scale

Promoting equity and social justice: analysing the global impact of educational laws on sex education in Spain and the United Kingdom

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