Shadow Fading Correlation in High-Speed Railway Environments

Abstract

In the design of diversity and fast handover schemes for high-speed railways (HSRs), a better understanding of the shadow fading correlation properties is required. In this paper, both auto-and cross-correlation models of shadow fading in HSR environments are proposed based on a large set of measurements with 6146 cells in China. The measurements are conducted using a practically deployed and operative GSM-Railway (GSM-R) system at 930 MHz, to reflect the real conditions of shadow fading in the HSR environments. 7 typical HSR environments and the realistic base station (BS) parameters are considered in the analysis. It is found that the decorrelation distance is correlated with the standard deviation of shadow fading, and is generally larger than 100 m in most of HSR environments. The cross-correlation of shadow fading between two neighboring BSs dependents on the BS height and the tilt angle of the antenna, and a heuristic truncated Gaussian distribution model of cross-correlation is proposed. The model is validated by the measurements conducted in another operative HSR line. The results can be used to exploit the simulation algorithms, to analyze the signal-to-interference-ratio (SIR) properties, and to develop new and better handover schemes for HSRs.

Indoor massive multiple-input multiple-output channel characterization and performance evaluation

“…6 that the correlation exists for all Rx antennas, since the distribution of each data set shows a good consistency. To give a quantitative analysis, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, which is a measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables X and Y , is calculated as (He et al, 2015b) …”

Channel characterization in high‐speed railway station environments at 1.89 GHz

“…In particular, the measured decorrelation distance is lower than all the 930 MHz GSM‐R measurement results in He et al . [].…”

Analysis of Nonstationary Characteristics for High‐Speed Railway Scenarios

“…In this case, the characterization of HSR channels should consider the influence of scenarios. So far, a wide variety of the studies have concentrated on the long-term fading behavior, involving path loss and shadowing, in multiple HSR scenarios [4][5][6][7][8]. There are a few research works on the short-term fading behavior, based on wideband channel measurements conducted on HSR.…”