Shaking earth: Non-linear seismic processes and the second law of thermodynamics: A case study from Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquakes

Posadas, A. M.; Morales, J.; Ibáñez, Jesús M.; Posadas-Garzon, A.

doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2021.111243

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Moreover, the conclusions of this work agree with tests conducted in laboratory scale (Wiemer and Schorlemmer, 2007). Therefore, the relationship demonstrated by De Santis et al (2019) between b parameter and the Shannon entropy has allowed the use of this thermodynamic variable as an indicator of the occurrence of an earthquake (Posadas et al, 2021(Posadas et al, , 2022; however, in addition, nonextensive entropy (Vallianatos et al, 2018;Vallianatos and Michas, 2020) is also likely to be used in the same terms (Papadakis et al, 2015). Finally, Galiana-Merino et al (2022) proved the viability of using radon measurements to estimate the daily seismic activity rate.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

On the calculation of smoothing kernels for seismic parameter spatial mapping: methodology and examples

Montiel-López

Molina

Galiana-Merino

et al. 2023

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Spatial mapping is one of the most useful methods to display information about the seismic parameters of a certain area. As in b-value time series, there is a certain arbitrariness regarding the function selected as smoothing kernel (which plays the same role as the window size in time series). We propose a new method for the calculation of the smoothing kernel as well as its parameters. Instead of using the spatial cell-event distance we study the distance between events (event-event distance) in order to calculate the smoothing function, as this distance distribution gives information about the event distribution and the seismic sources. We examine three different scenarios: two shallow seismicity settings and one deep seismicity catalog. The first one, Italy, allows calibration and showcasing of the method. The other two catalogs: the Lorca region (Spain) and Vrancea County (Romania) are examples of different function fits and data treatment. For these two scenarios, the prior to earthquake and after earthquake b-value maps depict tectonic stress changes related to the seismic settings (stress relief in Lorca and stress build-up zone shifting in Vrancea). This technique could enable operational earthquake forecasting (OEF) and tectonic source profiling given enough data in the time span considered.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

On the calculation of smoothing kernels for seismic parameter spatial mapping: methodology and examples

Montiel-López

Molina

Galiana-Merino

et al. 2023

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…SE measures the uncertainty in probability distributions 59 , 60 , associating maximum SE with maximum uncertainty (all possible outcomes have equal probabilities), and vice-versa coherent outcomes show high probabilities (minimum SE). On the other hand, the Entropy defined by the Statistical Physics establishes that the macroscopic state of a physical system is characterized by a distribution of microstates 61 . A volcanic system is a set of different inner processes defined by a set of microstates defining the exchange of energy with the medium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking volcanic explosions using Shannon entropy at Volcán de Colima

Rey-Devesa

Prudencio

Benítez

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The main objective of this work is to show that Shannon Entropy (SE) calculated on continuous seismic signals can be used in a volcanic eruption monitoring system. We analysed three years of volcanic activity of Volcán de Colima, México, recorded between January 2015 and May 2017. This period includes two large explosions, with pyroclastic and lava flows, and intense activity of less energetic explosion, culminating with a period of quiescence. In order to confirm the success of our results, we used images of the Visual Monitoring system of Colima Volcano Observatory. Another of the objectives of this work is to show how the decrease in SE values can be used to track minor explosive activity, helping Machine Learning algorithms to work more efficiently in the complex problem of distinguishing the explosion signals in the seismograms. We show that the two big eruptions selected were forecasted successfully (6 and 2 days respectively) using the decay of SE. We conclude that SE could be used as a complementary tool in seismic volcano monitoring, showing its successful behaviour prior to energetic eruptions, giving time enough to alert the population and prepare for the consequences of an imminent and well predicted moment of the eruption.

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“…The recurrence interval on the central Longmen Shan fault zone is 3900+400 years, calculated by GPS and InSAR data to construct a moment rate [6], or by radiocarbon dating is obtained 3830+930 years [20] and 2300-3300 years [21]. Earthquake entropy was used to calculate the recurrence interval at Canterbury (New Zealand) [22]. All of the research is done strictly based on history [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake Recurrence Interval Based on Seismic Moment

Massinai

Wijaya

Jamaluddin

et al. 2021

IPR

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Indonesia is a country with high earthquake potential. This potential has been realized by its stakeholders and other parties. Various methods from many researchers from the fields of geophysics, geology, seismology, geodesy, geotechnical engineering, and others have been discussed to arrange earthquake mitigation. However, the discussions are unable to fit all earthquake mitigations across the country because they are still limited to specific characteristics of each fault among thousands of faults in Indonesia. Seismic moment is a parameter that provides information on the energy released when an earthquake occurs. This parameter, in any given scale, can provide information about the earthquake recurrence interval. The earthquake recurrence interval referred to here means that during a certain time period, the area under study has the possibility of experiencing an identical earthquake or with a smaller magnitude. This study tries to offer and test the method of calculating earthquake recurrence interval based on seismic moments. The method tested in several case studies of earthquakes in East Kalimantan has acceptable results. The method in this research has advantages value and can be alternative method in earthquake disaster mitigation.

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Shaking earth: Non-linear seismic processes and the second law of thermodynamics: A case study from Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquakes

Cited by 15 publications

References 91 publications

On the calculation of smoothing kernels for seismic parameter spatial mapping: methodology and examples

On the calculation of smoothing kernels for seismic parameter spatial mapping: methodology and examples

Tracking volcanic explosions using Shannon entropy at Volcán de Colima

Earthquake Recurrence Interval Based on Seismic Moment

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