Shallow Gas Discrimination of Multicomponent Seismic Data Using Seismic Physical Modeling

Abstract

In this study, multicomponent seismic physical modeling was performed by injecting air with similar shallow gas density and velocity into a geological model with a fault and a channel, and seismic sections and time slices were acquired. To discriminate the shallow gas in the model, a direct hydrocarbon indicator was used and seismic attribute analysis was conducted using the acquired data. The results of the analysis showed a bright spot and seismic wipeout. Through S-wave seismic exploration, shallow gas could be identified from the seismic wipeout, which did not appear in the P-wave seismic data. Moreover, the shape of the channel was confirmed based on the seismic wipeout. In addition, in the complex seismic trace analysis, the maximum amplitude increased in the air-injected channel, and a low-frequency shadow occurred due to the attenuation of high-frequency energy due to the shallow gas.