Shedding light on relationships between plant diversity and tropical forest ecosystem services across spatial scales and plot sizes

Steur, Gijs; Verburg, R.W.; Wassen, Martin J.; Verweij, P.A.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101107

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Forest restoration has, therefore, gained the attention of the international community, which now aims to restore 350 million ha of degraded forest landscapes by 2030 (IUCN, 2015). Although a large share of the area pledged to restoration is set to become monoculture plantations (Lewis et al ., 2019), evidence shows that tree species mixtures can improve the supply of a number of important ecosystem services (Van Der Plas et al ., 2016, 2018; Steur et al ., 2020). In particular, tree diversity can promote forest productivity and C storage (Potvin & Gotelli, 2008; Liu et al ., 2018; Ammer, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhood‐mediated shifts in tree biomass allocation drive overyielding in tropical species mixtures

et al. 2020

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Variations in crown forms promote canopy space-use and productivity in mixed-species forests. However, we have a limited understanding on how this response is mediated by changes in within-tree biomass allocation. Here, we explored the role of changes in tree allometry, biomass allocation and architecture in shaping diversity-productivity relationships (DPRs) in the oldest tropical tree diversity experiment. We conducted whole-tree destructive biomass measurements and terrestrial laser scanning. Spatially explicit models were built at the tree level to investigate the effects of tree size and local neighbourhood conditions. Results were then upscaled to the stand level, and mixture effects were explored using a bootstrapping procedure. Biomass allocation and architecture substantially changed in mixtures, which resulted from both tree-size effects and neighbourhood-mediated plasticity. Shifts in biomass allocation among branch orders explained substantial shares of the observed overyielding. By contrast, root-to-shoot ratios, as well as the allometric relationships between tree basal area and aboveground biomass, were little affected by the local neighbourhood. Our results suggest that generic allometric equations can be used to estimate forest aboveground biomass overyielding from diameter inventory data. Overall, we demonstrate that shifts in tree biomass allocation are mediated by the local neighbourhood and promote DPRs in tropical forests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhood‐mediated shifts in tree biomass allocation drive overyielding in tropical species mixtures

et al. 2020

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“…Tree species diversity commonly has a positive effect on these ecosystem services. Several studies show positive relationships between tree species-richness and insect diversity (Schuldt et al, 2019), biomass production (Guillemot et al, 2020), and carbon storage (Poorter et al, 2015, Steur et al, 2020). Finally, trees in species-diverse forests may reduce drought and heat stress by reducing forest floor temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plot diversity differentially affects the chemical composition of leaves, roots and root exudates in four subtropical tree species

Weinhold

Döll

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Plants produce thousands of compounds, collectively called the metabolome, which mediate interactions with other organisms. The metabolome of an individual plant may change according to the number and nature of these interactions. We tested the hypothesis that tree diversity level affects the metabolome of four subtropical tree species in a biodiversity ecosystem-functioning experiment, BEF-China. We postulated that the chemical diversity of leaves, roots and root exudates increases with tree diversity. We expected the strength of this diversity effect to differ among leaf, root and root exudates samples. Considering their role in plant competition, we expected to find the strongest effects in root exudates.In an ecometabolomics approach, roots, root exudates and leaves of four tree species (Cinnamomum camphora, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Daphniphyllum oldhamii, Schima superba) were sampled from selected plots in BEF-China. Samples were extracted and analysed using Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry. The exudate metabolomes were normalized over their non-purgeable organic carbon level. Multivariate analyses were applied to identify the effect of both neighbouring (local) trees and plot diversity on tree metabolomes. The species and sample specific metabolites were assigned to major compound classes using the ClassyFire tool, whereas m/z features related to diversity effects were annotated manually.Individual tree species showed distinct leaf, root and root exudate metabolomes. The main compound class in leaves were the flavonoids, whereas carboxylic acids, prenol lipids and specific alkaloids were most prominent in root exudates and roots. Overall plot diversity had a stronger effect on metabolome profiles than the diversity of local, directly neighbouring trees. Leaf metabolomes responded more often to tree diversity level than exudates, whereas root metabolomes varied the least. We found not overall correlation between metabolite richness or diversity and tree diversity.Synthesis: Classification of metabolites supported initial ecological interpretation of differences among species and organs. Particularly the metabolomes of leaves and root exudates respond to differences in tree diversity. These responses were neither linear nor uniform and individual metabolites showed different dynamics. More controlled interaction experiments are needed to dissect the causes and consequences of the observed shifts in plant metabolomes.

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“…The abundance of S. leprosula seedlings and the low number of keruing seedlings were considered related to the suitability of the light and habitat needs. According to Steur et al (2020), the presence of local light variation may influence the growth and abundance of herbaceous layers, young trees, and seedlings. Furthermore, Do et al (2020) also stated that the forest canopy density influences the availability of forest floor light and varies over time as the forest develops.…”

Section: Seedling Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia

Susilowati

Rachmat²,

Elfiati

et al. 2021

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Hidayat A, Hadi AN, Zaitunah A, Nainggolan D, Ginting IM. 2021. Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4448-4456. Dipterocarpus spp., or locally known as Keruing, is a wood-producing tree and has high economic value. Keruing also produces derivative products in oil and oleoresin, which are widely used as raw materials for medicines and perfumes. Keruing natural population has been severely declining caused by habitat alteration and also over exploitation. Therefore, information on the composition and diversity of the floristic community at their habitat is important as an initial step in designing conservation actions. This study aims to determine the floristic composition and diversity at the keruing habitat in the Tangkahan area, Gunung Leuser National Park (Gunung Leuser NP). A line transect has been used to establish a purposive sampling in particular forest areas where the population of the keruing is known to grow naturally. Four line transects, each with five nested plots, totaling 110 plots, were established to gather data at four growth stages. The results found 47 species at the seedling stage, 43 species at the sapling stage, 48 species at the pole stage and 65 species at the tree stage. There were three species of keruing in the research location, namely Dipterocarpus haseltii, Dipterocarpus costulatus and Dipterocarpus elongatus Korth with low IVI values ??at each stage. D. haseltii was only found at the seedling, pole and tree stage with IVI values ??of 0.32, 0.30, and 6.90, respectively. D. costulatus was only found at the tree level with an IVI value of 3.43, while D. elongatus found at the sapling and tree stage with an IVI of 0.30 and 3.42, respectively. The diversity index in the research location was in the medium category at the seedling, sapling, and pole levels with a value of 2.96, 2.86, and 2.92, respectively and was classified as high at the tree level with a value of 3.18. The evenness index (E') in all growth stages is high or evenly distributed with the value of E' > 0.75. The species diversity in research location classified into medium-high category although in each stage showing dynamic on species domination. Disturbed habitat due to illegal logging and land conversion caused a problem on keruing regeneration. Conservation efforts, including active monitoring keruing occurrence, ex-situ conservation, and artificial regeneration, are needed to avoid keruing from extinction.

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Shedding light on relationships between plant diversity and tropical forest ecosystem services across spatial scales and plot sizes

Cited by 32 publications

References 56 publications

Neighbourhood‐mediated shifts in tree biomass allocation drive overyielding in tropical species mixtures

Neighbourhood‐mediated shifts in tree biomass allocation drive overyielding in tropical species mixtures

Plot diversity differentially affects the chemical composition of leaves, roots and root exudates in four subtropical tree species

Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia

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