Shepherds and karst: the use of caves and rock-shelters in the Mediterranean region during the Neolithic

Angelucci, Diego E.; Boschian, Giovanni; Fontanals, Marta; Pedrotti, Annaluisa; Vergès, Josep María

doi:10.1080/00438240902843659

Cited by 137 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This stratigraphy shares features of "fumiers" which are common deposits, and typical of pastoral activities at cave sites or shelters around the Mediterranean (Brochier, 2002;Angelucci et al, 2009). However, instead of "layercake-sequences", more homogenous grey-brown sediments dominate, thus resembling those of the Early Neolithic fumiers described for the Grotta Sant'Angelo and the Grotta dei Piccioni sequences in Central Italy (Boschian, 2000;Iaconis and Boschian, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Holocene archaeological sequence and sedimentological processes at Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco

Linstädter

Kehl

2012

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Holocene archaeological sequence and sedimentological processes at Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco

Linstädter

Kehl

2012

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…The occupation levels are most evident in sector P (Fig. 6B), and consist mainly of fine deposits containing ashes and organic material related with fumier ‐like deposits (Angelucci et al ., 2009) that indicate the regular stabling of herds in the rock shelter. The occupation deposits also contain areas of angular and subangular clasts.…”

Section: Stratigraphic Sequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Chrono‐stratigraphy of the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene archaeological sequence in Cova Gran (south‐eastern Pre‐Pyrenees, Iberian Peninsula)

Mora

Benito‐Calvo

Martínez-Moreno

et al. 2011

J Quaternary Science

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The Cova Gran de Santa Linya (Lleida, Spain) is a recently discovered site, with a broad chrono-cultural sequence that contains archaeological levels dating to the Middle Palaeolithic, Early Upper Palaeolithic, Late Upper Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. We present the chronometric and stratigraphic context of these occupations, which were dated using 14 C accelerator mass spectrometry and thermoluminescence. The sequence provides important indicators that aid in the reconstruction of the history of human occupation on the southern slopes of the Spanish Pyrenees over the past 50,000 years.

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“…The sediments forming the Mirador cave's succession are usually referred to as 'stabling burnt layers' (in English) or 'fumiers' (literally 'dung' in French) and form complex, highly variable sequences due to the combined action of accumulation, alteration/weathering by thermal action and human intervention (Angelucci et al 2009). During fieldwork at Mirador a number of sedimentary lithofacies were distinguished in order to cope with the above-mentioned variability (see Cabanes et al 2009).…”

Section: T H E M I R a D O R C Av E -S A M P L E D U N I T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock-magnetic analyses as a tool to investigate archaeological fired sediments: a case study of Mirador cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Carrancho

Villalaín

Angelucci

et al. 2009

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YHere we report a detailed mineral magnetic study of Neolithic burnt levels in the Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain) to reconstruct the burning history and to investigate their suitability for archaeomagnetic purposes. As a consequence of the ancient burning, a characteristic facies sequence was developed along the Holocene stratigraphy. From top to bottom it includes: (i) 2-10 cm ash layers, (ii) ∼2 cm underlying rubefied layers and (iii) clay, mainly unburnt and of variable thickness. In some cases a thermally altered facies (2-6 cm) with a heterogeneous texture was identified (facies TF), usually between rubefactions and the unburnt levels. 126 oriented samples from 4 units (MIR12, 15, 18 and 21) and a 2 m section, all comprised between units MIR21 (6380 ± 40 14 C BP) and MIR9 (5090 ± 40 14 C BP) were analysed with rock magnetic methods. In addition, bulk sediment from each facies that comprise the Neolithic sequence was investigated. Measurements included: stepwise alternating field and thermal demagnetization of natural remanent magnetization (NRM), viscosity experiments, determination of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS), the susceptibility frequency dependence at room temperature and determination of the temperature dependence of the susceptibility. Additional experiments consisted in the determination of the behaviour of anhysteretic and isothermal (IRM) remanences, magnetic hysteresis loops, first-order-reversal-curve diagrams, and thermal demagnetization of threeaxial IRM. It appeared that the facies all show a fairly similar magnetic mineralogy and grain size dominated by low-titanium magnetite that is often partially maghaemitized. Main differences constitute the amount of superparamagnetic particles that is higher in unburnt strata concurring with a less well-defined NRM behaviour. The magnetic mineral concentration is notably higher in ashes. This homogeneity strongly suggests that similar sources and burial conditions prevailed during Neolithic times. Agreeing with archaeological observations and favoured by rapid burial conditions, very limited alterations have been deduced. AMS data revealed the absence of fluid flow in the ash lenses sampled. Demagnetization revealed a stable single NRM component in ashes, a single or two-component NRM in rubefactions and less stable multicomponent behaviour in clays. In ashes, magnetic minerals are likely secondary in origin formed by low-temperature oxidization soon after burning. Although this thermochemical nature of the NRM invalidates the use of these sediments for palaeointensity studies, archaeomagnetic (directional) data can be successfully obtained because the burning and oxidation are closely confined in time.

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Shepherds and karst: the use of caves and rock-shelters in the Mediterranean region during the Neolithic

Cited by 137 publications

References 20 publications

The Holocene archaeological sequence and sedimentological processes at Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco

The Holocene archaeological sequence and sedimentological processes at Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco

Chrono‐stratigraphy of the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene archaeological sequence in Cova Gran (south‐eastern Pre‐Pyrenees, Iberian Peninsula)

Rock-magnetic analyses as a tool to investigate archaeological fired sediments: a case study of Mirador cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

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