Shining the light on clinical application of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in autoimmune diseases

Abstract

The autoimmune diseases are associated with the host immune system, chronic inflammation, and immune reaction against self-antigens, which leads to the injury and failure of several tissues. The onset of autoimmune diseases is related to unbalanced immune homeostasis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which have capability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types that exert a critical role in immunomodulation and regenerative therapy. Under the certain condition in vitro, MSCs are able to differentiate into multiple lineage such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, and neuron-like cells. Consequently, MSCs have a valuable application in cell treatment. Accordingly, in this review we present the last observations of researches on different MSCs and their efficiency and feasibility in the clinical treatment of several autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune liver disease, and Sjogren’s syndrome.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome: A Potential Therapeutic Option for Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases

“…They can develop into mesodermal, endodermal, and ectodermal cells under the proper culture conditions [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Allogeneic or autologous SC therapy has been viewed as a promising alternative treatment over the past two decades [ 7 ]. In addition to repairing damaged tissues, SCs have the unique ability to modulate the immune system extensively in terms of immune reconstitution and overcoming the impaired self-tolerance status.…”

“…In addition to repairing damaged tissues, SCs have the unique ability to modulate the immune system extensively in terms of immune reconstitution and overcoming the impaired self-tolerance status. According to these activities, SCs could serve as ideal therapeutic agents with the capacity to provide long-lasting, sustained protection against autoimmunity [ 7 ]. However, the majority of SC treatments for ADs in humans are still in their infancy, necessitating additional research prior to their anticipated widespread clinical application.…”

Knowledge Mapping of Exosomes in Autoimmune Diseases: A Bibliometric Analysis (2002–2021)

“…MSCs have powerful immune regulation and tissue repair effects, which are easily obtained from umbilical cord, bone marrow, blood, and adipose tissue, etc (6). In recent years, MSCs have gradually been used in many clinical trials to treat AIDs such as RA, T1D, MS, and SLE, and most of the results show that MSCs have good therapeutic effect and safety on AIDs (73). In these clinical trials, most adverse events were mild.…”

Therapeutic Strategy of Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regenerative Medicine

“…MSCs are pluripotent stem cells with the ability to self-renew, regenerate, and repair deficient cells and the plasticity ability to differentiate into bone, cartilage, blood vessels, and cardiomyocytes, which are derived from the mesoderm [ 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 ]. Unlike embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, general stem cells, which are more abundant during early childhood than adulthood, support human growth.…”