Shipi Shugan Decoction Protected against Sequela of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease via Inhibiting SIRT1/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Rats

Abstract

Sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease (SPID) is a common and frequently occurring disease clinically. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provided unique advantages in the treatment of SPID. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of Shipi Shugan Decoction (SSD), a Chinese herbal formula, on SPID using a SPID rat model. Mixed bacterial infection and mechanical injury were used for modeling. The chemical composition of SSD was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot techniques. We found that SSD dose-dependently inhibited the content of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in serum samples of SPID rats. The results from the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain showed that SSD improved pathological injury of the uterus and fallopian tubes induced by a pathogen. In addition, SSD dose-dependently inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress of SPID rats. The expression of SIRT1 was promoted, and NLRP3 inflammasome was deactivated by SSD gavage compared with the SPID group. Specifically, SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 cotreatment significantly reversed the improvement effect of SSD on pelvic inflammatory disease in rats. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that Shipi Shugan Decoction may be an effective TCM for the treatment of SPID.

Modified Hongteng Baijiang decoction enema improves sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease by regulating the LIF/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and gut microbiota

“…The components with the greatest peak areas were Rats are widely used in SPID experimental studies; specifically, bacterial modeling combined with mechanical injury can shorten the modeling time and increase the success rate of infection, and the pathological manifestations, inflammatory pathways, and lesion mechanisms are more similar to those of human SPID. 21 In this study, the SPID rat model was established by using bacterial modeling combined with the mechanical injury method. 25 After modeling, the endometrial layer of the rats was thinned, more epithelial cells were degenerated and necrotic, more inflammatory cells had infiltrated the lamina propria, and the inflammatory cell infiltration score of the uterus in the SPID group was greater than that in the Sham group, which was consistent with the observed pathological changes in the SPID group.…”

“…Rats are widely used in SPID experimental studies; specifically, bacterial modeling combined with mechanical injury can shorten the modeling time and increase the success rate of infection, and the pathological manifestations, inflammatory pathways, and lesion mechanisms are more similar to those of human SPID 21 . In this study, the SPID rat model was established by using bacterial modeling combined with the mechanical injury method 25 .…”

“…The rats were routinely maintained for 14 days, and five rats were randomly selected for pathological section observation to determine whether the model was successful. 21 …”

“…In the Sham group, the bacterial solution was replaced with sterile saline, and the rest of the operation was performed as described above. The rats were routinely maintained for 14 days, and five rats were randomly selected for pathological section observation to determine whether the model was successful 21 …”