Short communication: Relationship between body condition score and plasma adipokines in early-lactating Holstein dairy cows

Mansouryar, M.; Mirzaei-Alamouti, H.; Banadaky, Mehdi Dehghan; Sauerwein, H.; Mielenz, M.; Nielsen, Mette Olaf

doi:10.3168/jds.2017-14122

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the postpartum period Holtenius et al (2003), Mann et al (2018), andMansouryar et al (2018) did not find plasma leptin to be related to BCS. These results agree with our mRNA data and suggest that the volume of SAT has no effect on either the concen- Salin et al (2017) verified the hyperbolic relationship between insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in dairy cows, which means that a change in sensitivity will be compensated by increased insulin secretion.…”

Section: Effects Of Bcs On Gene Expression In Satmentioning

confidence: 79%

Body condition and insulin resistance interactions with periparturient gene expression in adipose tissue and lipid metabolism in dairy cows

Karis

Jaakson

Ling

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adipose tissue plays an important role in a cow's ability to adapt to the metabolic demands of lactation, because of its central involvement in energy metabolism and immunity. High adiposity and adipose tissue resistance to insulin are associated with excessive lipid mobilization. We hypothesized that the response to a glucose challenge differs between cows of different body condition 21 d before and after calving and that the responses are explainable by gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). In addition, we aimed to investigate insulin resistance with gene expression in SAT and lipid mobilization around parturition. Multiparous Holstein cows were grouped according to body conditions score (BCS) 4 wk before calving, as follows: BCS ≤ 3.0 = thin (T, n = 14); BCS 3.25 to 3.5 = optimal (O, n = 14); BCS ≥ 3.75 = over-conditioned (OC, n = 14). We collected SAT on d −21 and d 21 relative to calving. A reverse-transcriptase quantitative (RT-q) PCR was used to measure gene expression related to lipid metabolism. One hour after the collection of adipose tissue, an intravenous glucose tolerance test was carried out, with administration of 0.15 g of glucose per kg of body weight (with a 40% glucose solution). Once weekly from the first week before calving to the third week after calving, a blood sample was taken. The transition to lactation was associated with intensified release of energy stored in adipose tissue, a decrease in the lipogenic genes lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), and an increase in the lipolytic gene hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE). On d −21, compared with T cows, OC cows had lower mRNA abundance of LPL and DGAT2, and the latency of fatty acid response after glucose infusion was also longer (8.5 vs. 23.3 min) in OC cows. Cows with higher insulin area under the curve on d −21 had concurrently lower LPL and DGAT2 gene expression and greater concentration of fatty acids on d −7, d 7, and d 14.In conclusion, high adiposity prepartum lowers the whole-body lipid metabolism response to insulin and causes reduced expression of lipogenic genes in SAT 3 weeks before calving. In addition, more pronounced insulin release after glucose infusion on d −21 is related to higher lipid mobilization around calving, indicating an insulin-resistant state, and is associated with lower expression of lipogenic genes in SAT.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Bcs On Gene Expression In Satmentioning

confidence: 79%

Body condition and insulin resistance interactions with periparturient gene expression in adipose tissue and lipid metabolism in dairy cows

Karis

Jaakson

Ling

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the dry period of dairy cows, De Koster et al (2017) observed a negative correlation between body condition and serum adiponectin concentrations, with adiponectin values decreasing at the end of the dry period. However, comparing multiparous dairy cows with high (>4.0) and normal (3.25-3.5) BCS, body condition at parturition did not affect circulating adiponectin concentrations (Mansouryar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Fgf Receptormentioning

confidence: 81%

Symposium review: Adipose tissue endocrinology in the periparturient period of dairy cows

Häußler

Sadri

Ghaffari

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The involvement of adipose tissue (AT) in metabolism is not limited to energy storage but turned out to be much more complex. We now know that in addition to lipid metabolism, AT is important in glucose homeostasis and AA metabolism and also has a role in inflammatory processes. With the discovery of leptin in 1994, the concept of AT being able to secrete messenger molecules collectively termed as adipokines, and acting in an endo-, para-, and autocrine manner emerged. Moreover, based on its asset of receptors, many stimuli from other tissues reaching AT via the bloodstream can also elicit distinct responses and thus integrate AT as a control element in the regulatory circuits of the whole body's functions. The protein secretome of human differentiated adipocytes was described to comprise more than 400 different proteins. However, in dairy cows, the characterization of the physiological time course of adipokines in AT during the transition from pregnancy to lactation is largely limited to the mRNA level; for the protein level, the analytical methods are limited and available assays often lack sound validation. In addition to proteinaceous adipokines, small compounds such as steroids can also be secreted from AT. Due to the lipophilic nature of steroids, they are stored in AT, but during the past years, AT became also known as being able to metabolize and even to generate steroid hormones de novo. In high-yielding dairy cows, AT is substantially mobilized due to increased energy requirements related to lactation. As to whether the steroidogenic system in AT is affected and may change during the common loss of body fat is largely unknown. Moreover, most research about AT in transition dairy cows is based on subcutaneous AT, whereas other depots have scarcely been investigated. This contribution aims to review the changes in adipokine mRNA andwhere available-protein expression with time relative to calving in high-yielding dairy cows at different conditions, including parity, body condition, diet, specific feed supplements, and health disorders. In addition, the review provides insights into steroidogenic pathways in dairy cows AT, and addresses differences between fat depots where possible.

show abstract

“…The proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, which regulates the hepatic synthesis of acute phase proteins, is positively related with NEFA and BHB at d 8 p.p. (Mansouryar et al, 2018) and is increased in ketotic cows (Loor et al, 2007;Rodriguez-Jimenez et al, 2018). Methylglyoxal (MGO), which is commonly used as a diagnostic parameter in diabetes type 2 in man, is significant higher in subclinical ketotic cows (1.2 mmol•l -1 ≥ BHB ≤ 3.0 mmol•l -1 ) and is positively correlated with acute phase protein haptoglobin in lactating cows (Li et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Ketosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Period of the Dairy Cow Revisited: II. Homeorhetic Stimulus and Ketosis With Implication for Fertility

Martens¹

2020

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dairy cows have been selected during the last century primarily for milk production, which has been increased by a factor 3-5 per lactation during this period without a concomitantly adequate increase of dry matter intake (DMI). This discrepancy between input and output is caused by a negative or minutely positive genetic correlation between milk yield and DMI and leads, in high-producing dairy cows in early lactation, to a severe and long-lasting negative energy balance (NEB) with distinct hormonal and metabolic alterations. Milk production during this period is regulated by homeorhesis with high priority for this trait, which is relatively uncoupled from DMI, and hence with possible restrictions of other functions. The extent and duration of the current NEB is a health risk and is probably one of the reasons for genetic correlations between milk yield and disease. The gap between input and output is closed by the mobilization of reserves characterized by a rapid increase of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) above the acute requirement, in turn leading to ectopic fat disposition in the liver and other organs. Therefore, fat liver and ketosis occur during early lactation within a phase of the priority of the homeorhetic (genetic) regulation of milk production at insufficient DMI. Ketosis is correlated with an impairment of fertility. The correlation between an early cause (ketosis) and a later effect (impaired fertility) cannot be explained satisfactorily, but possible epigenetic alterations look promising for future research. The revealed connection between homeorhesis, fat liver and ketosis, and the impairment of fertility provides an approach for discussions of these topics as a complex. The convergence between these issues should furthermore be extended to other production diseases. Since the genetic background of this interaction must not be neglected, the current breeding system should include further health traits with a predominant emphasis on parameters of metabolism and energy balance.

show abstract

Short communication: Relationship between body condition score and plasma adipokines in early-lactating Holstein dairy cows

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Body condition and insulin resistance interactions with periparturient gene expression in adipose tissue and lipid metabolism in dairy cows

Body condition and insulin resistance interactions with periparturient gene expression in adipose tissue and lipid metabolism in dairy cows

Symposium review: Adipose tissue endocrinology in the periparturient period of dairy cows

Transition Period of the Dairy Cow Revisited: II. Homeorhetic Stimulus and Ketosis With Implication for Fertility

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About