“…When nonlinear optical media are exposed to intense laser fields, strong nonlinear optical phenomena occur, such as strong field multi-photon absorption, [1,2] high-order harmonic generation, [3][4][5] supercontinuum generation, [6,7] optical power limiting, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] self-induced transparency, [16][17][18] complete population inversion, [19][20][21] and even creation of particles. [22] It is well known that laser pulse can be characterized by its polarization, field amplitude, carrier temporal profile, pulse duration, carrier frequency, and carrier-envelope phase.…”