Short-range order and dynamic viscosity of liquid Cu–Ge alloys

A calorimetric study of thermodynamic properties for binary Cu–Ge alloys

“…The thermodynamic investigations of liquid Cu-based alloys and their solidification characteristics are of significance for understanding their physical and chemical properties [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Therefore, many efforts have been made to explore these subjects in recent years [13][14][15][16].…”

Surface tension and mass density of liquid Cu–Ge alloys

“…It can be assumed that remains of the structure of the solid phases with their rather dense packed atomic arrangement are still present in the liquid state. Such an interpretation is supported by X-ray diffraction experiments [2,3], which demonstrated that the associates of the Cu 3 Ge stoichiometry do exist in the Cu-rich liquid alloys, as well.…”

“…5 compares the experimentally obtained isothermal surface tension at 1373 K with the results of the model calculations assuming Cu 3 Ge associates as suggested in Ref. [3] with different binding energies. Clearly, the difference in the surface tension of the constituents gives rise to an enrichment of Ge at the surface.…”

“…[3]. Inspecting both the experimental density, the surface tension and the structural studies, it becomes more and more obvious that besides associates resembling the solid Cu 3 Ge-phase of the HumeRothery type a second, Ge-rich atomic arrangement appears in the liquid alloys.…”

“…On the other hand, results of earlier studies on the atomic structure of the liquid alloys [2,3] will be included in the present discussion.…”