Short-term soil mineral and organic nitrogen fluxes during moderate and severe drying–rewetting events

Leitner, Sonja; Minixhofer, Pia; Inselsbacher, Erich; Keiblinger, Katharina M.; Zimmermann, Michael; Zechmeister‐Boltenstern, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.02.014

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the present laboratory test, CO2 and N2O fluxes showed different temporal behaviors from those observed by Kostyanovsky et al (2019), although observed N2O flux change was similar to that observed by Leitner et al (2017). We currently speculate that the slow increase in N2O flux may reflect a slow building-up of nitrification and denitrification microorganisms after watering, although further studies, which apprehend both biological and physicochemical aspects of the soil gas formations, are necessary for better understanding.…”

Section: Laboratory Flux Measurement Testsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Such increases in soil CO2 flux by rainfall or rewetting soil have been reported (Lee et al, 2002;Smith and Owens, 2010;Gelfand et al, 2015;Kostyanovsky et al, 2019), and enhanced microbial activity and population, boosted availability in carbon and nutrients by rewetting, or their assemblages are considered as possible causes (Fierer and Schimel, 2003;Iovieno and Bååth, 2008;Blazewicz et al, 2014). Similar N2O flux increase upon rewetting soil have been reported (e.g., Nobre et al, 2001; Dobbie and Smith, 2003;Smith and Owens, 2010;Gelfand et al, 2015;Schwenke and Haigh, 2016;Leitner et al, 2017;Barba et al, 2019;Kostyanovsky et al, 2019), although very few research reported the simultaneous response of N2O and CO2…”

Section: Laboratory Flux Measurement Testmentioning

confidence: 71%

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A mass spectrometric multiple soil-gas flux measurement system with portable high-resolution mass spectrometer MULTUM coupled to automatic chamber for continuous field observation

Nakayama¹,

Toma²,

Iwai³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. We developed a mass spectrometric soil-gas flux measurement system using a portable high-resolution multi-turn time-of-flight mass spectrometer, called MULTUM, combined with an automated soil-gas flux chamber for continuous field measurement of multiple gas concentrations. The developed system continuously measures concentrations of four different atmospheric gases (i.e., N2O, CH4, CO2, and O2), of which the concentrations range over six orders of magnitude at a time within a single gas sample. The measurements were performed every 2.5 min with analytical precisions (two standard deviations) of ±34 ppbv for N2O, ±170 ppbv for CH4, ±16 ppmv for CO2, and ±0.60 vol% for O2 at their atmospheric concentrations. The developed system was used for continuous field soil–atmosphere flux measurements of greenhouse gases (GHGs: N2O, CH4, and CO2) and O2 with 1 h resolution. The minimum quantitative fluxes (two standard deviations) were estimated through simulation as 70.2 µg N m−2 h−1 for N2O, 139 µg C m−2 h−1 for CH4, 11.7 mg C m−2 h−1 for CO2, and 9.8 g O2 m−2 h−1 (negative) for O2, whereas the estimated minimum detectable fluxes (two standard deviations) were 17.2 μg N m−2 h −1 for N2O, 35.4 μg C m−2 h−1 for CH4, 2.6 mg C m−2 h−1 for CO2, and 2.9 g O2 m−2 h−1 for O2. The developed system was deployed in the University Farm of the Ehime University (Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan) for a field observation over five days. Interestingly, an abrupt increase in N2O flux from 70 to 682 µg N m−2 h−1 was observed a few hours after the first rainfall, whereas no obvious increase in the CO2 flux was observed, although the temporal responses were different from those observed in a laboratory experiment. No abrupt N2O flux change was observed in succeeding rainfalls. Continuous multiple-gas flux and concentration measurements can be a powerful tool for tracking and understanding of underlying biological and physicochemical processes in the soil through measuring more tracer gases, such as volatile organic carbon gases, reactive-nitrogen gases, and noble gases by taking advantage of the broad versatility of mass spectrometry in detecting broad range of gas species.

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Section: Laboratory Flux Measurement Testsupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Laboratory Flux Measurement Testmentioning

confidence: 71%

A mass spectrometric multiple soil-gas flux measurement system with portable high-resolution mass spectrometer MULTUM coupled to automatic chamber for continuous field observation

Nakayama¹,

Toma²,

Iwai³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; Leitner et al, 2017). The mean annual temperature is 6.5°C and the mean annual precipitation is 796 mm at this location.…”

Section: Field Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soil profile was covered with an organic matter O horizon (0-7 cm), followed by an eluvial humus Aeh-horizon (7-25 cm), a cambic, slightly humusosesquioxidic Bhs-horizon (25-50 cm) over weathered granitic rock debris (C-horizon 50-75 cm) (Schwen et al, 2014). To assess the impact of changed rainfall distribution patterns on various soil properties, this experimental trial was established in 2013 (Leitner et al, 2017). Briefly, two artificially induced drought stress scenarios were applied during the vegetation period (May-October): a moderately (M) stressed scenario which had six consecutive cycles of four weeks drying followed by an intensive 75 mm irrigation, and a severely (S) stressed scenario which had three cycles of eight weeks drying followed by a larger irrigation event with 150 mm of irrigation.…”

Section: Field Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse estimation of soil hydraulic properties and water repellency following artificially induced drought stress

Filipović

Weninger

Filipović

et al. 2018

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Abstract:Global climate change is projected to continue and result in prolonged and more intense droughts, which can increase soil water repellency (SWR). To be able to estimate the consequences of SWR on vadose zone hydrology, it is important to determine soil hydraulic properties (SHP). Sequential modeling using HYDRUS (2D/3D) was performed on an experimental field site with artificially imposed drought scenarios (moderately M and severely S stressed) and a control plot. First, inverse modeling was performed for SHP estimation based on water and ethanol infiltration experimental data, followed by model validation on one selected irrigation event. Finally, hillslope modeling was performed to assess water balance for 2014. Results suggest that prolonged dry periods can increase soil water repellency. Inverse modeling was successfully performed for infiltrating liquids, water and ethanol, with R 2 and model efficiency (E) values both > 0.9. SHP derived from the ethanol measurements showed large differences in van Genuchten-Mualem (VGM) parameters for the M and S plots compared to water infiltration experiments. SWR resulted in large saturated hydraulic conductivity (K s ) decrease on the M and S scenarios. After validation of SHP on water content measurements during a selected irrigation event, one year simulations (2014) showed that water repellency increases surface runoff in non-structured soils at hillslopes.

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“…Diffusive fluxes have proven a useful measure of soil solute availability, particularly given they are measured in similar units to other relevant fluxes, such as solute uptake by roots (Brackin et al, 2015, Demand et al, 2017 and emissions of greenhouse gases from soil (Leitner et al, 2017b, Leitner et al, 2017a, and are commonly quoted in microdialysis soil studies (Inselsbacher et al, 2011, Shaw et al, 2014, Ganeteg et al, 2017. However, there are some considerations regarding the deployment and interpretation which may influence findings and make comparisons between studies challenging -but these influences could be minimised through standardisation of the technique.…”

Section: Considerations For Measuring Absolute Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microdialysis perspective of soil nitrogen availability

Buckley¹

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Soil nitrogen (N) availability is a critical component of ecosystem function and a main driver of below and above ground productivity. As such, the topic is of interest to ecologists exploring the constraints on soil processes as they relate to plant and microbial productivity, as well as agriculturalists seeking to maximise crop N uptake whilst minimising N losses from soil. Soil N encompasses a diversity of compounds spanning from organic to inorganic. Quantifying the bioavailability of different N forms is difficult and likely affected by factors that include climate and water, and the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils, all of which can vary significantly at the microsite level.

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Short-term soil mineral and organic nitrogen fluxes during moderate and severe drying–rewetting events

Cited by 33 publications

References 47 publications

A mass spectrometric multiple soil-gas flux measurement system with portable high-resolution mass spectrometer MULTUM coupled to automatic chamber for continuous field observation

A mass spectrometric multiple soil-gas flux measurement system with portable high-resolution mass spectrometer MULTUM coupled to automatic chamber for continuous field observation

Inverse estimation of soil hydraulic properties and water repellency following artificially induced drought stress

A microdialysis perspective of soil nitrogen availability

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