Should industrial bagasse-fired boilers be phased out in China?

Zhang, Chunlin; Wang, Hao; Bai, Li; Wu, Changda; Shen, Liran; Sippula, Olli; Yang, Jun; Zhou, Lei; He, Congrong; Liu, Jun; Ristovski, Zoran; Morawska, Lidia; Wang, Boguang

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121716

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…4b. Zhang et al (2020) found that OVOCs was the second largest group from IBBs, accounting for 13.4%−42.2% of the total VOCs. Their relatively lower OVOCs contribution was mainly because they did not measure formaldehyde.…”

Section: Emission Factors Of Vocsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They found that oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) and aromatics accounted for the major part of VOCs, and the emission factors (EFs) of straw pellets were higher than that of wood pellets. Zhang et al (2020) measured 86 VOC species from ve bagasse-fueled IBBs and found alkenes and OVOCs contributed the most to VOCs. Still in the initial stage, the studies of IBB emissions have two major limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated assessment of volatile organic compounds from industrial biomass boilers in China: emission characteristics, influencing factors, and ozone formation potential

Shi

Yuan

Yang

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Industrial biomass boilers (IBBs) are widely promoted in China as a type of clean energy. However, they emit large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the emission characteristics and the underlying factors are largely unknown due to the sampling di culties. In this study, three wood pelletfueled and two wood residue-fueled IBBs were selected to investigate the characteristics of VOCs emissions and to discover their underlying impacting factors. The emission factor of VOCs varied from 21.6 ± 2.8 mg/kg to 286.2 ± 10.8 mg/kg for the IBBs. Oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) were the largest group, contributing to 30.3%-73.6% of the VOCs emissions. Signi cant differences were revealed in the VOCs source pro les between wood pellet-fueled and wood residue-fueled IBBs. Operating load, excess air, furnace temperature and fuel type were identi ed as the primary factors in uencing VOCs emissions. The excess air coe cient should be limited below 3.5, roughly corresponding to the operating load of 62% and furnace temperature of 630 °C, to effectively reduce VOCs emissions. VOCs emissions also showed great differences in different combustion phases, with the ignition phase having much greater VOCs emissions than the stable combustion and the ember phases. The ozone formation potential (OFP) ranged from 4.3 mg/m 3 to 31.2 mg/m 3 for the IBBs, and the wood residue-fueled IBBs yielded higher OFP than the wood pellet-fueled ones. This study underscored the importance of OVOCs in IBB emissions, and reducing OVOCs emissions should be prioritized in formulating control measures to mitigate their impacts on the atmospheric environment and human health. combustion in China. Atmos Res 248.

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Section: Emission Factors Of Vocsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated assessment of volatile organic compounds from industrial biomass boilers in China: emission characteristics, influencing factors, and ozone formation potential

Shi

Yuan

Yang

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…11. The most stringent ELV for biomass boilers is found in China (80 mg/Nm 3 ) (Zhang et al 2020), where the PM collector efficiency must be between 92 and 99.7%. In the current study, C i = 4133 mg/Nm 3 , and ELV = 200 mg/Nm 3 , resulting in an overall PM collection efficiency of η o,R = 95.2%.…”

Section: Optimization Of Multicyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One sector of the sugarcane process that has not significantly improved in recent decades is the cleaning of the flue gases emitted from steam boilers and cogeneration plants (Mann 2017). PM is the most critical contaminant due to its high generation rate (Teixeira et al 2007), followed by nitrogen oxides (NO x ) (Sahu et al 2015), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Zhang et al 2020). A wet scrubber (spray tower and impingement types) is the most commonly used device to control PM in bagasse boilers, and it is sometimes preceded by a multicyclone (Boshoff and Yeo 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and economic issues concerning the use of wet scrubbers coupled to bagasse-fired boilers: a case study in the Brazilian sugarcane industry

Innocentini

Lovero

Ferreira

et al. 2021

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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For decades, wet scrubbers have been used to control particulate matter (PM) emitted by bagasse-fired boilers in the sugarcane industry. This choice was justified by their acceptable performance in meeting environmental standards, the abundance of water resources, and the fact that their operation was simpler and less expensive than other dry cleaning operations. However, the progressive tightening of PM emission limits, as well as the need for more rational water and wastewater management in these applications, has changed this aspect of the industry. Despite the extensive technical literature on wet scrubbers, the lack of up-to-date indicators of their performance in sugarcane industries has prevented the optimization of wet scrubbing processes. This paper clearly shows that the use of wet scrubbers can result in significant water and heat losses, as well as high operating costs for wastewater treatment stations (WTSs). Mass and energy balances were determined for a typical ethanol-sugar plant operating in Brazil, which is the world's largest sugarcane producer. The key boiler and scrubber performance indicators were evaluated experimentally over the course of a crop season and were compared to the legal particulate emission and water quality requirements in Brazil. The boiler processed an average of 114.8 t/h of bagasse containing 46.8% moisture and generated 4.75 t of gas and 28.2 kg of PM for each ton of dry burned bagasse. Of the total PM (ash and soot), 68% was collected as dry material in the grate, heat exchangers, and multicyclone; 25% was collected in the wet scrubber; and 7% was emitted to the atmosphere, in compliance with the Brazilian standards. The operation of the WTS linked to the gas cleaning system was inefficient, using 70% of the water to convey the dry PM retained in the boiler, heat exchangers, and multicyclone and only 30% to operate the wet scrubber. Evaporation caused the loss of 10.5% of the scrubbing water to the atmosphere. The transportation of moist cake (7.9 t/h, 78% wb) for disposal in fields resulted in significant fuel costs and water losses. The operation of the WTS accounted for 62% of the total capital expenditure of the cleaning system, while the wet scrubber accounted for only 38%. This work provides updated performance indicators and alternatives for optimizing a gas cleaning system to promote more rational water and wastewater management and savings for the sugarcane sector. Graphic abstract Required collection efficiency for bagasse boilers based on the inlet PM concentration and emission limits imposed in Brazil, China, and most countries

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“…Biomass combustion has been shown to be an important source of air pollution in northern China (Xu et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2021) and in Europe (European Environment Agency, 2013;European Union, 2015). Many studies have focused on the emissions of NOx and other pollutants (CO, VOCs, PAHs, and metals in PM) (Vamvuka et al, 2020;Poláčik et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2020;Kong et al, 2021;Jaworek et al, 2021). In order to address the problem of pollution and to reduce emissions, it is important to take into consideration the aspects of combustion efficiency, operating conditions and air pollution control devices (Caposciutti et al, 2020;Oluwoyea et al, 2020).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste to Energy: Air Pollutant Emissions from the Steam Boilers Using Recycled Waste Wood

Tsai

Lin

How

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Should industrial bagasse-fired boilers be phased out in China?

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Integrated assessment of volatile organic compounds from industrial biomass boilers in China: emission characteristics, influencing factors, and ozone formation potential

Integrated assessment of volatile organic compounds from industrial biomass boilers in China: emission characteristics, influencing factors, and ozone formation potential

Environmental and economic issues concerning the use of wet scrubbers coupled to bagasse-fired boilers: a case study in the Brazilian sugarcane industry

Waste to Energy: Air Pollutant Emissions from the Steam Boilers Using Recycled Waste Wood

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