2016
DOI: 10.2217/whe.15.103
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Shoulder Dystocia: Prediction and Management

Abstract: Shoulder dystocia is a complication of vaginal delivery and the primary factor associated with brachial plexus injury. In this review, we discuss the risk factors for shoulder dystocia and propose a framework for the prediction and prevention of the complication. A recommended approach to management when shoulder dystocia occurs is outlined, with review of the maneuvers used to relieve the obstruction with minimal risk of fetal and maternal injury.

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Cited by 40 publications
(64 citation statements)
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References 94 publications
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“…Regarding the year of publication, there was a variable distribution from 2000 to 2016 (►Table 1). 14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] All of the major studies were literature reviews, as this is one of the premises of the method, and the number of articles in their bibliography ranged from 11 to 121 articles reviewed.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Regarding the year of publication, there was a variable distribution from 2000 to 2016 (►Table 1). 14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] All of the major studies were literature reviews, as this is one of the premises of the method, and the number of articles in their bibliography ranged from 11 to 121 articles reviewed.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…26 As the risk of shoulder dystocia is directly proportional to the increased fetal weight, 39 prophylactic cesarean section has been proposed in selected cases. 32,33 According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and Schmitz, 32 we must consider it in fetuses of diabetic mothers with estimated weight > 4,500 g or in fetuses with > 5,000g of mothers with no risk factors. Other authors, like Hankins et al, 19 recommend it for fetuses of diabetic mothers with weight estimates between 4,000 to 4,250 g or > 4,000g in pregnancies of nondiabetic women.…”
Section: Revision 11 Shoulder Dystociamentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…3,7 Simülasyon eğitimi yolu ile omuz distosisinin yönetimi konusunda ebelere ve doktorlara beceri kazandırılması ya da mevcut bilgi ve becerilerinin iyileştirilerek sürecin yönetiminde kanıta dayalı bir standardizasyonun oluşturulması ve kullanılması gerekmektedir. 5,8,9 Mevcut literatüre dayalı olarak hazırlanan bu makalede, omuz distosisi ile ilgili güncel bilgilerin paylaşılması hedeflenmiştir.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Риск ДП составляет около 0,2 % у плодов среднего размера. При массе 4000-4500 г этот риск увеличивается примерно до 5 %, а при весе выше 4500 г составляет около 30 % [9,10].…”
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