Signaling Pathways Altered During the Metastatic Progression of Melanoma

Monteiro, Ana Carolina; Toricelli, Mariana; GalvonasJasiulionis, Miriam

doi:10.5772/59747

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(191 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the genetic defects associated with metastatic melanoma development there are several dysregulated key signaling pathways that occur during melanoma progression such as the WNT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT pathways ( 22 , 34 , 35 ). These pathways are involved in melanoma cell proliferation, growth, survival, evading cell death, and acquiring metastatic properties ( 34 , 35 ). The MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways can cooperate with each other in the transduction of survival signals ( 36 ).…”

Section: Tumor Intrinsic and Extrinsic Functions Necessary For Succesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Embryogenesis requires a single cell to proliferate and differentiate into various cell types and acquire migratory/invasive properties required for body patterning that parallels carcinogenesis ( 37 , 38 ). Signal transduction of the WNT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT pathways in melanoma cells promotes altered expression of cell adhesion molecules and peptidases allowing for the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate in cancer cell migration ( 34 , 39 – 42 ). During melanoma progression, elevated matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) expression and function have been detected ( 34 , 43 , 44 ).…”

Section: Tumor Intrinsic and Extrinsic Functions Necessary For Succesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Signal transduction of the WNT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT pathways in melanoma cells promotes altered expression of cell adhesion molecules and peptidases allowing for the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate in cancer cell migration ( 34 , 39 – 42 ). During melanoma progression, elevated matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) expression and function have been detected ( 34 , 43 , 44 ). MMP facilitates the degradation of the ECM that supports melanoma growth during early stages and eventual migration to distant organs ( 34 , 43 , 44 ).…”

Section: Tumor Intrinsic and Extrinsic Functions Necessary For Succesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoding Melanoma Development and Progression: Identification of Therapeutic Vulnerabilities

2021

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Melanoma, a cancer of the skin, arises from transformed melanocytes. Melanoma has the highest mutational burden of any cancer partially attributed to UV induced DNA damage. Localized melanoma is “curable” by surgical resection and is followed by radiation therapy to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. Targeted therapies against components of the MAPK signaling cascade and immunotherapies which block immune checkpoints have shown remarkable clinical responses, however with the onset of resistance in most patients, and, disease relapse, these patients eventually become refractory to treatments. Although great advances have been made in our understanding of the metastatic process in cancers including melanoma, therapy failure suggests that much remains to be learned and understood about the multi-step process of tumor metastasis. In this review we provide an overview of melanocytic transformation into malignant melanoma and key molecular events that occur during this evolution. A better understanding of the complex processes entailing cancer cell dissemination will improve the mechanistic driven design of therapies that target specific steps involved in cancer metastasis to improve clinical response rates and overall survival in all cancer patients.

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Section: Tumor Intrinsic and Extrinsic Functions Necessary For Succesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tumor Intrinsic and Extrinsic Functions Necessary For Succesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tumor Intrinsic and Extrinsic Functions Necessary For Succesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Decoding Melanoma Development and Progression: Identification of Therapeutic Vulnerabilities

2021

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“…Changes in integrin expression have been studied extensively in melanoma carcinogenesis [8,25]. The integrin profile of melanoma cells differs significantly from that of normal melanocytes [26,27] and is closely related to the stage of melanoma progression [24,28].…”

Section: Integrin Expression In Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human cutaneous melanoma develops in a series of definable stages, from the common acquired nevus and dysplastic nevus through the radial growth phase (RGP) and vertical growth phase (VGP) of primary melanoma and finally metastatic melanoma. During these multistep transformations, melanoma cells acquire the ability to invade the dermis and then disseminate throughout the body via blood and lymphatic vessels [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Adjustment of integrin glycosylation is an important feature of the melanoma cell's adaptation to the constantly changing conditions of its microenvironment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosylation of Integrins in Melanoma Progression

Pocheć¹,

Lityń́ska²

2016

Human Skin Cancer, Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

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Each stage of melanoma development from transformed melanocytes to metastatic lesions requires the involvement of cell adhesion receptors, among which integrins are of particular importance. Strong N-glycosylation of αβ integrin heterodimers influences their processing, activation, and functions related to the modulation of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) and the basement membrane. A lack of N-glycans on integrin chains significantly reduces their interactions with the ECM. Melanoma progression is accompanied by changes in the composition of N-glycans on integrin subunits. The glycosylation profile of integrins depends on the stage of melanoma development and on the location of the metastasis. Enhanced expression of β1,6-branched complex-type oligosaccharides and altered sialylation are wellcharacterized changes in the N-glycosylation of integrins observed in melanoma progression. This chapter summarizes the current state of knowledge about α3β1, α5β1, and αvβ3 integrin glycosylation in melanoma and the functional consequences of changed glycosylation for the development of this cancer.

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Hypocrellin: A Natural Photosensitizer and Nano‐Formulation for Enhanced Molecular Targeting of PDT of Melanoma

Gugu Nkosi,

Chandran,

Abrahamse

2024

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Nano‐formulation has generated attention in the battle against cancer, because of its great flexibility, reduced adverse side effects, and accuracy in delivering drugs to target tissues dependent on the size and surface characteristics of the disease. The field of photodynamic treatment has advanced significantly in the past years. Photodynamic techniques that use nano‐formulations have surfaced to further the field of nanotechnology in medicine, especially in cancer treatment. The pharmaceutical industry is seeing a growing trend toward enhanced drug formulation using nano‐formulations such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, nano‐emulsions, and micelles. Natural extracts have also shown adverse effects when employed as photosensitizers in cancer therapy because they are cytotoxic when activated by light. Still, natural photosensitizers are a big part of cancer treatment. However, some shortcomings can be minimized by combining nano‐formulations with these natural photosensitizers. The synergistic improvement in medication delivery that maintains or increases the mechanism of cell death in malignant cells has also been demonstrated by the combination of photodynamic therapy with nano‐formulations and natural photosensitizers. Lastly, this review assesses the feasibility and potential of a photodynamic therapy system based on nano‐formulations and natural photosensitizers in clinical treatment applications and briefly discusses the removal of toxic compounds associated with nano‐formulations within cells.

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Signaling Pathways Altered During the Metastatic Progression of Melanoma

Cited by 3 publications

References 134 publications

Decoding Melanoma Development and Progression: Identification of Therapeutic Vulnerabilities

Decoding Melanoma Development and Progression: Identification of Therapeutic Vulnerabilities

Glycosylation of Integrins in Melanoma Progression

Hypocrellin: A Natural Photosensitizer and Nano‐Formulation for Enhanced Molecular Targeting of PDT of Melanoma

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