Significance of radiation grafting in curing processes: Role of additives in these reactions

Garnett, J. L.; Ng, Loo‐Teck; Viengkhou, Visay

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(97)00394-7

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…24 Similar results were obtained with other additives utilized in grafting, including azobisisobutyronitrile, BEE and multifunctional acrylates and methacrylates. 25 Not only were polymer yields increased in the presence of additives, but also M n was decreased, ie the polymer contains shorter chains but in greater number, a situation expected if the number of radicals in the system were increased, presumably in the case of acid, via enhanced G(H) yields. 7,14 High concentrations of H atoms would then lead to an increase in the rate of chain initiation, resulting in higher polymer yields with lower M n values.…”

Section: General Mechanism For Additive Effects In Uv and G-ray Graftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel additives including charge-transfer complexes in grafting of methyl methacrylate to polypropylene, cellulose and wool, initiated by ionizing radiation and UV: significance of these studies in analogous curing processes

Garnett

Viengkhou

et al. 1999

Polym. Int.

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Section: General Mechanism For Additive Effects In Uv and G-ray Graftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel additives including charge-transfer complexes in grafting of methyl methacrylate to polypropylene, cellulose and wool, initiated by ionizing radiation and UV: significance of these studies in analogous curing processes

Garnett

Viengkhou

et al. 1999

Polym. Int.

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“…[11][12][13] However, to our knowledge, there are no reports of surface modification by UV-radiation grafting polymerization initiated by a blend of photoinitiators having different UV absorption regions for the improvement of photografting efficiency and of the adhesion to coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of polypropylene sheets by UV‐radiation grafting polymerization

Cho

Kim

Hong

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) was grafted onto polypropylene (PP) substrates in the presence of benzophenone (BP) and isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) photoinitiators, and then polyurethane acrylate formulations were coated onto the HDDA-g-PP substrates, using UV radiation. The amount grafted and the grafting efficiency of the polymerizations were determined gravimetrically. The effects of the photoinitiator concentration and the UV radiation intensity on the physicochemical surface properties and the grafting efficiency of the UV-radiation grafting polymerizations were characterized in detail using contactangle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total internal reflection, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the amount grafted and the surface polarity of the HDDA-g-PP substrates both increased linearly with increasing BP photoinitiator concentration and UV radiation intensity, and that the addition of a small amount of ITX markedly enhanced both parameters, probably due to photosensitization. The adhesion of the UV-cured coating onto the HDDA-g-PP substrates was evaluated using the crosshatch adhesion test. The results indicated that the amount of HDDA grafted onto the PP substrates should exceed about 1 mmol/cm 2 for satisfactory adhesion with the UV-cured coating.

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“…The surface energy and reactive functionalities on the surface of the substrate can be changed significantly as a result of the grafting process. A large number of grafting methods for solid polymers based on UV irradiation and photosensitizers have been described over the years. − Review papers on surface grafting and their applications are also readily available. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV Exposure and Initiator Concentration on the Spatial Variation of Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) Grafts on Nonwoven Fabrics

Zheng¹,

Gurgel²,

Carbonell

2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This paper describes the spatial uniformity of grafted layers of poly(glycydyl methacrylate) on the fibers of polypropylene nonwoven fabrics, and how they depend on the UV pretreatment step, the adsorption of initiator (benzophenone) to the fiber surface, and the UV grafting step. UV light transmission inside the nonwoven fabrics was measured to determine the effect of light intensity variations during the pretreatment and grafting steps. The light intensity decay depends on the pore size of the fabric and the presence of solvents in the nonwoven fabric. The adsorption of benzophenone to the fiber surface is lower in regions of low light intensity, resulting in a spatial variation due to the UV pretreatment. The presence of solvents tends to reduce light intensity decay during the grafting step. The results of this paper indicate how to avoid spatial nonuniformities during grafting by controlling the reaction conditions.

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Significance of radiation grafting in curing processes: Role of additives in these reactions

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Novel additives including charge-transfer complexes in grafting of methyl methacrylate to polypropylene, cellulose and wool, initiated by ionizing radiation and UV: significance of these studies in analogous curing processes

Novel additives including charge-transfer complexes in grafting of methyl methacrylate to polypropylene, cellulose and wool, initiated by ionizing radiation and UV: significance of these studies in analogous curing processes

Surface modification of polypropylene sheets by UV‐radiation grafting polymerization

Effects of UV Exposure and Initiator Concentration on the Spatial Variation of Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) Grafts on Nonwoven Fabrics

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