Silicon optical modulators

Reed, Graham T.; Png, Ching Eng

doi:10.1016/s1369-7021(04)00678-9

Cited by 417 publications

(503 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In our Fano optomechanical system, the forward transmission contrast of the Fano response is as high as approximately 54% [see Fig. 3(d)], which is sufficient for any telecom system70. Correspondingly, the peak of the Fano resonance in the normalized power backward reflection T B is increased due to the energy conservation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Optical multistability and Fano line-shape control via mode coupling in whispering-gallery-mode microresonator optomechanics

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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We study a three-mode (i.e., a clockwise mode, a counterclockwise mode, and a mechanical mode) coherent coupling regime of the optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonator optomechanical system by considering a pair of counterpropagating modes in a general case. The WGM microresonator is coherently driven by a strong control laser field and a relatively weak probe laser field via a tapered fiber. The system parameters utilized to explore this process correspond to experimentally demonstrated values in the WGM microresonator optomechanical systems. By properly adjusting the coupling rate of these two counterpropagating modes in the WGM microresonator, the steady-state displacement behaviors of the mechanical oscillation and the normalized power transmission and reflection spectra of the output fields are analyzed in detail. It is found that the mode coupling plays a crucial role in rich line-shape structures. Some interesting phenomena of the system, including optical multistability and sharp asymmetric Fano-shape optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT), can be generated with a large degree of control and tunability. Our obtained results in this study can be used for designing efficient all-optical switching and high-sensitivity sensor.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Optical multistability and Fano line-shape control via mode coupling in whispering-gallery-mode microresonator optomechanics

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Among photonic technologies, optical modulation is one of the most essential operations, which offers intrinsic advantages of higher bandwidth and lower loss1. Therefore, substantial research efforts are being directed towards optical modulation to exploit compact, cost-effective, efficient, fast and broadband light modulators for high-performance optical interconnects2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, rare-earth (RE) ions doped glass ceramics (GCs) can overcome these drawbacks. Besides, the well-engineered RE-doped GCs, combining the merits of glass (low expense, easy fabrication, good homogeneity and optical transparency) and crystals (high chemical durability and mechanical strength, intense crystal field effect)17181920, can be effortless for fiber drawing and will greatly impact the application in future all-optical fiber telecommunication22122. As is known to all, photons interact weakly with each other, which requires the mediation of a physical system to produce efficient photon-photon interactions16232425.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable optical modulation of blue/green up-conversion fluorescence from Tm3+ (Er3+) single-doped glass ceramics upon two-step excitation of two-wavelengths

Chen

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Optical modulation is a crucial operation in photonics for network data processing with the aim to overcome information bottleneck in terms of speed, energy consumption, dispersion and cross-talking from conventional electronic interconnection approach. However, due to the weak interactions between photons, a facile physical approach is required to efficiently manipulate photon-photon interactions. Herein, we demonstrate that transparent glass ceramics containing LaF3: Tm3+ (Er3+) nanocrystals can enable fast-slow optical modulation of blue/green up-conversion fluorescence upon two-step excitation of two-wavelengths at telecom windows (0.8–1.8 μm). We show an optical modulation of more than 1500% (800%) of the green (blue) up-conversion fluorescence intensity, and fast response of 280 μs (367 μs) as well as slow response of 5.82 ms (618 μs) in the green (blue) up-conversion fluorescence signal, respectively. The success of manipulating laser at telecom windows for fast-slow optical modulation from rear-earth single-doped glass ceramics may find application in all-optical fiber telecommunication areas.

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“…Since the magnitude of the response d should scale with both the optical interaction length and the magnitude of the applied AC field, we compare the field-and thickness-normalized optical rotation d 0 = d/(E AC Át), where t is the thickness of the BTO layer. The thickness of the STO and Si layers are not included, as no Pockels effect is expected for materials with inversion symmetry [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Pockels effect in ferroelectric barium titanate thin films on Si(0 0 1)

Kormondy

Abel

Fallegger

et al. 2015

Microelectronic Engineering

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a b s t r a c tHigh-quality epitaxial BaTiO 3 (BTO) on Si has emerged as a highly promising material for future electrooptic (EO) devices based on BTO's large effective Pockels coefficient. We report on the EO response of BTO films deposited on Si by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and characterize the structure of these films by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction. O 2 rapid thermal anneal at 600°C for 30 min ensures full oxidation of BTO for minimal leakage current with minimal change in crystalline structure.

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Silicon optical modulators

Cited by 417 publications

References 44 publications

Optical multistability and Fano line-shape control via mode coupling in whispering-gallery-mode microresonator optomechanics

Optical multistability and Fano line-shape control via mode coupling in whispering-gallery-mode microresonator optomechanics

Controllable optical modulation of blue/green up-conversion fluorescence from Tm3+ (Er3+) single-doped glass ceramics upon two-step excitation of two-wavelengths

Analysis of the Pockels effect in ferroelectric barium titanate thin films on Si(0 0 1)

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