“…Mercury metal ions in the form of Hg 2+ are the most stable and widespread pollutants. Various methods have been developed to monitor mercury concentration in good consumer samples, including cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry or CV-AAS [ 31 ], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or ICP-MS [ 39 ], and UV–Vis spectrophotometric using ligand complexes such as dithizone [ 36 ] and rhodamine B [ 16 ]. However, these methods have several weaknesses, including high-cost equipment and maintenance, complex sample preparation, time-consuming analysis, and inefficient routine monitoring [ 11 ].…”