“…Combining multiple machine learning algorithms develops robust and accurate fault prediction techniques (Fernandes et al, 2019). (Ashok et al, 2021;Shaheen et al, 2021;Bastami and Vahid, 2021;Grzechca et al, 2021a, b;Heydari et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2020;Carrega et al, 2019;Guerrero et al, 2020;Pfingstl et al, 2020) A major difficulty in predicting faults is recognising unexpected failures and recurring trends (Manco et al, 2017). Programming efforts are underway to develop automated fault diagnostic systems and fault detection protocols (Sarda et al, 2021;Diaz et al, 2017;Schmidt et al, 2017).…”