Simple gas-liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of fatty acids and alcohols in wax esters of marine organisms

Kattner, Gerhard; Fricke, H.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)86914-4

Cited by 226 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The fatty acid and alcohol compositions were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (Kattner and Fricke, 1986;Böer et al, 2005). Fatty acids from the total lipid extracts were converted to their methyl esters by transesterification in methanol containing 3% concentrated sulfuric acid at 80°C for 4 h. After extraction with hexane, fatty acid methyl esters and free fatty alcohols were simultaneously analyzed with a gas chromatograph (Hewlett-Packard 6890 N) equipped with a DB-FFAP fused silica capillary column (30 m length, 0.25 mm inner diameter and 0.25 μm film thickness) using temperature programming (160-240°C at 4°C min −1 , hold time 15 min).…”

Section: Lipid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid and fatty acid/alcohol compositions of the subarctic copepods Neocalanus cristatus and Eucalanus bungii from various depths in the Oyashio region, western North Pacific

Yamada

Nishida

Graeve

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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Lipids of Neocalanus cristatus and Eucalanus bungii (C3 to adults), collected in March, May, and December from various depths (0-2000 m) were studied in the Oyashio region, western North Pacific. Total lipid and wax ester contents of younger N. cristatus stages increased during the development, being higher in May than in March and December. Major fatty acids of younger N. cristatus were 16:0, 20:5(n−3), and 22:6(n−3) and the dominant alcohols were 16:0, 16:1(n − 7), 20:1(n − 9)/(n −11) and 22:1(n −11). The energy-rich 20:1 and 22:1 moieties increased from the younger to the adult stages showing the importance of lipid biosynthesis which may be advantageous for successful overwintering and reproduction at depth. The 16:4(n − 1) fatty acid, characteristic of a diatom diet increased in May, particularly in the younger stages. Our results suggest that the diatom-dominated feeding mode of younger N. cristatus during the spring bloom is important for an effective accumulation of wax esters. In contrast to N. cristatus, E. bungii accumulated substantial amounts of triacylglycerols. The total lipid and triacylglycerol content increased slightly toward the older developmental stages. The major fatty acids were 16:0, 16:1(n−7), 18:1(n−9) and (n−7), and 20:5(n−3). There was no evidence of developmental or seasonal changes in the fatty acid composition. The differences in the lipid storage modes of both copepods via wax esters or triacylglycerols are species-specific but their fatty acid compositions varied according to diet and developmental stage, especially in N. cristatus. These lipid characteristics are discussed in relation to reproduction, feeding modes, diapause and overwintering strategies.

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Section: Lipid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid and fatty acid/alcohol compositions of the subarctic copepods Neocalanus cristatus and Eucalanus bungii from various depths in the Oyashio region, western North Pacific

Yamada

Nishida

Graeve

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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“…Analyses of FA and fatty alcohols were conducted with samples from the expeditions ARK XVI/2, ARK XVIII/2 and ARK XIX/1b. FA were converted to methyl esters and analysed together with the fatty alcohols by gas-liquid chromatography according to Kattner & Fricke (1986). Methyl esters were prepared by transesterification with methanol containing 3% concentrated sulphuric acid at 80°C for 4 h. FA and fatty alcohols were separated and quantified using a Hewlett-Packard gas chromatograph (HP 6890A) equipped with a DB-FFAP column of 30 m length and 0.25 mm diameter.…”

Section: Sampling and Processing Of Amphipods Arctic Underice Amphipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability in abundance, respiration and lipid composition of Arctic under-ice amphipods

Werner¹,

Auel²

2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The Arctic under-ice amphipods Apherusa glacialis, Onisimus glacialis, O. nanseni andGammarus wilkitzkii are autochthonous below the pack ice, i.e. they occur in this habitat during all seasons. In this study, seasonal dynamics in abundance were only evident in A. glacialis. Respiration rates did not differ significantly between summer and winter in any species, indicating that the under-ice habitat is a comparatively stable environment in terms of seasonal variations. The assessment of total lipids and fatty acid biomarkers revealed differences in feeding behaviour and overwintering strategy among the amphipod species. A. glacialis is strictly herbivorous, feeding on ice-algae at the underside of the ice during the productive season. The species overwinters in an active state, fuelled at least partly by internal lipid reserves stored during summer. O. glacialis switches from a predominantly herbivorous diet in summer to metazoan prey, including planktonic copepods, in winter, so that lipid catabolism is less important to winter survival. The congener O. nanseni relies on an opportunistic omnivorous diet throughout the year, with a higher proportion of metazoan prey during summer compared to O. glacialis. G. wilkitzkii is able to exploit a wide spectrum of food sources, from predominantly ice algae in summer to more ice fauna and planktonic copepods in winter. This species partly meets its energy requirements by using internal lipid reserves during winter.

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“…gram as follows: 1608C, 2408C rate: 48Crmin , Ž .Ž 2408C 15 min isothermal modified according to . Kattner and Fricke, 1986 . The injection volume is 1 ml.…”

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives

1999

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In order to examine the variation in marine and terrigenous sources of the organic matter during the last 15,000 Cal. yr Ž BP, hydrogen index values, CrN ratios, and specific biomolecules short-and long-chain n-alkanes, short-chain fatty acids, . sterols, alkenones, and pigments were determined in three sediment cores from the Laptev Sea continental margin. The results show that the interpretation of the biomarker data is much more complicated and less definitive in comparison to similar data sets from low-latitude open-ocean environments. This is mainly caused by the complexity of the Arctic Ocean system, which is characterized by a high seasonality of sea-ice cover and primary productivity, sea-ice sediment transport Ž . and a high fluvial supply of freshwater aquatic organic matter. A combination of organic geochemical, organic petrographic and micropaleontological data may yield to a more precise identification of organic-carbon sources for these Ž . complex systems. On the Laptev Sea shelf cores KD9502-14 and PS2725-5 , terrigenous organic-carbon input controlled by river discharge seems to be predominant during the last about 10,000 Cal. yr BP. Maximum supply of terrigenous organic Ž . carbon was reached in the Early Holocene i.e., about 9000-10,000 Cal. yr BP . Further offshore at the upper continental Ž . slope core PS2458-4 , a major change in organic-composition occurred near 10,000 Cal. yr BP. During this period hydrogen indices as well as the amounts of short-chain n-alkanes, short-chain fatty acids, dinosterol and brassicasterol significantly increased, indicating increased relative proportions of marine organic matter preserved in the later time interval. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Simple gas-liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of fatty acids and alcohols in wax esters of marine organisms

Cited by 226 publications

References 19 publications

Lipid and fatty acid/alcohol compositions of the subarctic copepods Neocalanus cristatus and Eucalanus bungii from various depths in the Oyashio region, western North Pacific

Lipid and fatty acid/alcohol compositions of the subarctic copepods Neocalanus cristatus and Eucalanus bungii from various depths in the Oyashio region, western North Pacific

Seasonal variability in abundance, respiration and lipid composition of Arctic under-ice amphipods

Biomarkers as organic-carbon-source and environmental indicators in the Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean: problems and perspectives

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