Simple non-fused small-molecule acceptors with bithiazole core: synthesis, crystallinity and photovoltaic properties

Abstract

Three simple-structure non-fused-ring SMAs with an Aw(π–A)2 architecture using bithiazole as the central unit was synthesized.

Recent progress in non-fused ring electron acceptors for high performance organic solar cells

“…89 The weak electron-deficient 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bithiazole was used as the core unit to construct two acceptors BTz-4F-1 and BTz-4Cl-1. 90 When paired with J71, BTz-4F-1 and BTz-4Cl-1 based devices provided PCEs of 5.72% and 3.93%, respectively. Besides the 4T backbone, A3T-2 and A3T-5 with the terthiophene backbone were also designed and provided moderate PCEs of 6.20% and 7.03%, respectively.…”

In silico end‐capped engineering of 4,4′‐dimethyl‐[2, 2′‐bithiazole] core‐based acceptor materials for high‐performance organic solar cells

“…Torsion angles between them are approximately zero which suggests that methylation of the central bithiazole has insignificant impact on planarity of designed molecules. Both methylated small molecule acceptors (SMAs) exhibit good planarity and a strong intermolecular p‐p stacking effect, which makes charge transfer easier 45 . The core bithiazole and (Z)‐2‐(5,6‐dichloro‐2‐ethylidene‐7‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1 H ‐inden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile serve as electron acceptor moieties.…”

“…Both methylated small molecule acceptors (SMAs) exhibit good planarity and a strong intermolecular p-p stacking effect, which makes charge transfer easier. 45 The core bithiazole and (Z)-2-(5,6-dichloro-2-ethylidene-7-methyl-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile serve as electron acceptor moieties.…”

Research Advances of Nonfused Ring Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells

“…Besides, Zhu et al synthesized BTz-4F-1 and BTz-4Cl-1, in which halogenated cyanoindanone was used as a strong A terminal. 87 For comparison, an analogue BTz-4F-0 with 2,20-bithiazole was also synthesized. It was found that both NFRAs with dimethylbithiazole exhibited a significantly increasing solubility compared with that of BTz-4F-0.…”

“…When a wide bandgap polymer PBFTZ was used as a donor, the Ph-IC-based device showed a PCE of 5.68%. Besides, Zhu et al synthesized BTz-4F-1 and BTz-4Cl-1, in which halogenated cyanoindanone was used as a strong A terminal . For comparison, an analogue BTz-4F-0 with 2,20-bithiazole was also synthesized.…”