Simple, rapid and sensitive assay method for simultaneous quantification of urinary nicotine and cotinine using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Man, Che Nin; Gam, Lay‐Harn; Ismail, Syazwani; Lajis, Razak; Awang, Rahmat

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.07.029

Cited by 73 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Cotinine concentrations observed in this study were 2,980 ± 2,160 ng mL -1 , for active smokers and 132.00 ± 80 ng mL -1 , for passive smokers, in line with urinary cotinine concentrations described in the literature (Voncken, Schepers, Schafer, 1989;Oddoze, Pauli, Pastor, 1998;Moyer et al, 2002;Ji Jr et al, 1999;Kuo, Yang, Chiu, 2002;Man et al, 2006;Chadwick, Keevil, 2007) of 1,560 to 6,680 ng mL -1 , for active smokers and approximately 50 ng mL -1 , for passive smokers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The least-squares linear regression was used to determine the slope and intercept. Man et al (2006), using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, obtained a linear range from 0.5 to 5000 ng mL -1 . The present study was proposed for determination of urinary cotinine of active, passive and non-smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods use radioimmunoassay (Kuo, Yang, Chiu, 2002); high performance liquid chromatography (Zuccaro et al, 1995;Oddoze, Pauli, Pastor, 1998;Tyrpien et al, 2000;Abou-Qare, Abou-Donia, 2001;Doctor et al, 2004;Kowalski et al, 2007) and gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection (Kuo, Yang, Chiu, 2002;Moriya, Hashimoto, 2004). Liquid or gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry is commonly employed to determine cotinine in passive smokers (Ji Jr. et al, 1999;Meger et al, 2002;Man et al, 2006;Chadwick, Keevil, 2007). Other less sensitive detectors, such as flame ionization detector (FID), have also been used to quantify cotinine in urine of active and passive smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fact is due to sample enrichment by extraction prior to analysis and sample cleanup through chromatographic separation during analysis (Song et al, 2005). In this context, many methods have been proposed for extraction of samples containing cotinine, among then, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) (Shin et al, 2002;Man et al, 2006;Kowalski et al, 2007) and solid phase extraction (SPE) (Oddoze, Pauli, Pastor, 1998;Moyer et al, 2002;Xu, Iba, Weisel, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single gas chromatography method with nitrogen phosphorus detector for urinary cotinine determination in passive and active smokers

Malafatti

Maia

Martins

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Nicotine is a major addictive compound in cigarettes and is rapidly and extensively metabolized to several metabolites in humans, including urinary cotinine, considered a biomarker due to its high concentration compared to other metabolites. The aim of this study was to develop a single method for determination of urinary cotinine, in active and passive smokers, by gas chromatography with a nitrogen phosphorus detector (GC-NPD). Urine (5.0 mL) was extracted with 1.0 mL of sodium hydroxide 5 mol L -1 , 5.0 mL of chloroform, and lidocaine used as the internal standard. Injection volume was 1 µL in GC-NPD. Limit of quantification was 10 ng mL -1. Linearity was evaluated in the ranges 10-1000 ng mL -1 and 500-6000 ng mL -1 , with determination coefficients of 0.9986 and 0.9952, respectively. Intra-and inter-assay standard relative deviations were lower than 14.2 %, while inaccuracy (bias) was less than +11.9%. The efficiency of extraction was greater than 88.5%. Ruggedness was verified, according to Youden's test. Means of cotinine concentrations observed were 2,980 ng mL -1 for active smokers and 132 ng mL -1 , for passive smokers. The results revealed that satisfactory chromatographic separation between the analyte and interferents was obtained with a ZB-1 column. This method is reliable, precise, linear and presented ruggedness in the range evaluated. The results suggest that it can be applied in routine analysis for passive and active smokers, since it is able to quantify a wide range of cotinine concentrations in urine.Uniterms: Gas chromatography/with nitrogen phosphorus detector. Urinary cotinine/determination. Urine/toxicological analysis. Smokers/Toxicology.A nicotina é uma substância presente no cigarro capaz de causar dependência, sendo biotransformada em vários metabólitos nos seres humanos, dentre eles a cotinina urinária, que é considerada um indicador biológico de exposição à nicotina, devido a suas altas concentrações, comparado a outras matrizes. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um único método para determinação de cotinina urinária, em amostras de urina de fumantes ativos e passivos, através de cromatografia em fase gasosa com detector de nitrogênio-fósforo (CG-DNF). Para o preparo de amostras foram utilizados 5 mL de urina, 1 mL de hidróxido de sódio 5 mol L -1 , 5 mL de clorofórmio, tendo como padrão interno a lidocaína. Na faixa de concentrações de 10-1000 ng mL -1 e 500-6000 ng mL -1 , o coeficiente de determinação foi 0,9986 e 0,9952, respectivamente e, o limite de quantificação foi 10 ng mL -1 . A precisão intra-e interensaio apresentou desvio padrão relativo (%) menor que 14,2% e a inexatidão foi menor que +11,9%, com uma eficiência de extração de 88,5%. O método apresentou robustez, de acordo com o teste de Youden. As concentrações médias de cotinina observadas foram 2980 ng mL -1 , para fumantes ativos e 132 ng mL -1 , para fumantes passivos. Os resultados sugerem que o método é confiável, preciso, linear e apresentou robustez, na faixa avaliada, podendo ser aplicado na rotin...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single gas chromatography method with nitrogen phosphorus detector for urinary cotinine determination in passive and active smokers

Malafatti

Maia

Martins

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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“…To summarise, these methods include radioimmunoassay (6), high-performance liquid chromatography (7,8), as well as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC–MS determined cotinine in an epidemiological study on smoking status at delivery

Chazeron¹,

Daval²,

Ughetto³

et al. 2008

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

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A c c e p t e d m a n u s c r i p t AbstractThe objective of this study was to measure plasma cotinine levels in pregnant women and their newborns using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method in an epidemiological delivered population with a wide range of tobacco intakes. Nearly one thousand pregnant women from regional maternity wards (n = 1007) were selected for the study. Each patient kept a tobacco diary and underwent a blood test to assess cotinine levels at the same time that newborns' cordonal plasma was taken. These values were then crosschecked.Cotinine was estimated using a selected-ion monitoring mode with a 1.5 ng/ml quantification limit. Cotinine levels in mothers and newborns were highly correlated, whatever the mother's smoking status with a calculated cut-off for cotinine levels in active smokers of 21.5 ng/ml. Finally, cotinine determined through this GC-MS method offered a sensitive and accurate measure of tobacco exposition of pregnant women and their babies.

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Development and validation of a hydrophilic interaction chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for quantification of nicotine and its metabolites in human maternal and cord sera

Iwasaki

Goto

Mochizuki

et al. 2011

Biomedical Chromatography

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A selective and sensitive HILIC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of nicotine and its metabolites in human maternal and cord sera was developed and validated. After solid-phase extraction, LC separation was achieved on a hydrophilic interaction chromatography. The validated method is capable of selective identification as well as accurate and sensitive quantification. Analyte recovery ranged from 86.2 to 107.7% and intra- and inter-day assay precision were less than 15% relative standard deviation. This sensitive HILIC-MS/MS method can be used to determine nicotine and its metabolic profile in smokers. This validated method is useful for the determination of nicotine and its metabolites in human serum in future studies of the effects of nicotine exposure on neonatal outcome.

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Simple, rapid and sensitive assay method for simultaneous quantification of urinary nicotine and cotinine using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 73 publications

References 31 publications

Single gas chromatography method with nitrogen phosphorus detector for urinary cotinine determination in passive and active smokers

Single gas chromatography method with nitrogen phosphorus detector for urinary cotinine determination in passive and active smokers

GC–MS determined cotinine in an epidemiological study on smoking status at delivery

Development and validation of a hydrophilic interaction chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for quantification of nicotine and its metabolites in human maternal and cord sera

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