Simple, Readily Controllable Palladium Nanoparticle Formation on Surface-Assembled Viral Nanotemplates

Abstract

Transition-metal nanoparticles possess unique size-dependent optical, electronic, and catalytic properties on the nanoscale, which differ significantly from their bulk properties. In particular, palladium (Pd) nanoparticles have properties applicable to a wide range of applications in catalysis and electronics. However, predictable and controllable nanoparticle synthesis remains challenging because of harsh reaction conditions, artifacts from capping agents, and unpredictable growth. Biological supramolecules offer attractive templates for nanoparticle synthesis because of their precise structure and size. In this article, we demonstrate simple, controllable Pd nanoparticle synthesis on surface-assembled viral nanotemplates. Specifically, we exploit precisely spaced thiol functionalities of genetically modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV1cys) for facile surface assembly and readily controllable Pd nanoparticle synthesis via simple electroless deposition under mild aqueous conditions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies clearly show tunable surface assembly and Pd nanoparticle formation preferentially on the TMV1cys templates. Grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) further provided an accurate and statistically meaningful route by which to investigate the broad size ranges and uniformity of the Pd nanoparticles formed on TMV templates by simply tuning the reducer concentration. We believe that our viral-templated bottom-up approach to tunable Pd nanoparticle formation combined with the first in-depth characterization via GISAXS represents a major advancement toward exploiting viral templates for facile nanomaterials/device fabrication. We envision that our strategy can be extended to a wide range of applications, including uniform nanostructure and nanocatalyst synthesis.

Bio-inspired synthesis of metal nanomaterials and applications

“…The use of polyelectrolytemodified CPMV was also reported for the templated synthesis of narrowly dispersed Au NPs. Manocchi et al 39,133,134 also reported a size controllable growth of Pd NPs based on surfaced assembled TMV biotemplates and TMV solution by grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). 112 of the virus capsid.…”

Proteomic analysis of silver nanoparticle toxicity in rat

“…1) The spot was not detected in group C. 2) The protein spot densities analyzed by PDQuest software. the action of enzyme complexes I, II, III, IV, and V, which are located in a special structure of the inner mitochondrial membrane called the mitochondrial respiratory chain 32,33 .…”

“…It provides a modern and innovative approach to develop and test new nanoparticle formulations for electronics, biomedical and therapeutic applications, and various necessities of life 1,2 . Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) represent a prominent nanoproduct with potential applications in medicine and hygiene.…”

Molecular Docking and Aberration-Corrected STEM of Palladium Nanoparticles on Viral Templates

“…Viral templates (complete viruses or virus-like particles) stand out as bioscaffolds due to their advantageous inner nanometer-range properties: self-assembly capacity, monodispersity, discrete size and shape, stability, symmetry, and biocompatibility [8]. Palladium nanoparticles were synthesized with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as the scaffold in the aqueous phase [9], as part of hydrogel formulations or through hydrothermal reduction [10][11][12][13][14][15], producing complete coverage of the viral particles with a Pd layer or the formation of discrete particles of 1-2 nm, depending on reaction conditions. Additionally, genetically engineered M13 bacteriophages were used as biotemplates for Pd particles obtaining hybrid nanorods and nanowires with potential applications in nanobatteries [16,17].…”