Simple risk assessment in prostate cancer patients treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy: The Korean Cancer Study of the Prostate risk classification

Choi, Se Young; Ryu, Jin-Sook; You, Dalsan; Hong, Jun Hyuk; Ahn, Hanjong; Kim, Choung‐Soo

doi:10.1111/iju.13800

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, eventually the tumors usually become hormone‐refractory after long‐term treatment, and at this stage, efficient therapies are not available . The prognosis of PCa is mainly affected by cancer metastasis . Hence, finding new therapeutic approaches to inhibiting tumor cell metastasis is urgently required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea cucumber extract TBL‐12 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells through the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway

et al. 2019

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Background: Sea cucumber is a kind of nutritious echinoderm that has multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor activities.However, there is no extensive study on the antitumor effect of sea cucumber extract on prostate cancer (PCa). TBL-12 is a new sea cucumber extract. In this study, we investigated the in vivo anti-PCa effect of TBL-12 and its in vitro effects on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of the human PCa cell lines LNCaP, 22RV1, PC-3, and DU145, and evaluated its possible mechanisms. Methods: Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Scratch migration assay and transwell invasiveness assay were used to observe TBL-12 effect on the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression and enzymatic activity was determined by Western blot analysis, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and gelatin zymography. Apoptosis level was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analysis was used to analyze p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and apoptosis pathways. Angiogenic array analysis was used to explore autocrine and paracrine growth factors in PCa cell lines. Xenograft tumor model was built to observe the in vivo anticancer effect. Results: TBL-12 could significantly inhibit tumor growth in xenograft PCa mice in vivo, and dramatically inhibit the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasiveness of PCa cells in vitro (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001). The expression and enzyme activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly suppressed by TBL-12 (P < 0.01), and decreased phosphorylation level of p38 in PCa cells was detected (P < 0.001). Furthermore, TBL-12 could reinforce the MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibitory effect of SB203580, a specific inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway (P < 0.05). Besides, TBL-12 could induce the apoptosis of PCa cells by activating caspase-9, caspase-7, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and suppressing survivin, and inhibit The Prostate. 2019;79:826-839. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pros 826 | 1 Yuan and Huang contributed equally to this study. the secretion of angiogenin, angiopoietin-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in PCa cells. Conclusions: Sea cucumber extract TBL-12 could suppress the proliferation and metastasis of human PCa cells by inhibiting MMP-2 and MMP-9 via blocking the p38 MAPK pathway, inducing apoptosis through intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway and inhibiting the secretion of angiogenic factors. Our findings may be of importance and significance for the research and clinical applications of sea cucumber extract in PCa treatment. K E Y W O R D S apoptosis, matrix metalloproteinases, prostate cancer, sea cucumber extract, tumor metastasis SUPPORTING INFORMATION Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of the article. How to cite this article: Yuan L, Huang X, Zhou K, et al. Sea cucumber extract TBL-12 inhibits the proliferatio...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea cucumber extract TBL‐12 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells through the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway

et al. 2019

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“…[20] In high-risk patients treated with primary ADT, >80% of the cohort progressed to CRPC at 5 years after the initiation of ADT. [21] In the CHAARTED and LATITUDE trials, patients treated with upfront chemotherapy and androgen receptor targeting agents had a better OS than those treated with ADT alone. [22] Combination therapies with ADT affect multiple signaling pathways with antitumor effects, [23] suggesting that ADT alone is insufficient to cure prostate cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADT can result in castration resistance within 2 to 3 years by triggering androgen receptor mutation, amplification, and the development of variants [20] . In high-risk patients treated with primary ADT, >80% of the cohort progressed to CRPC at 5 years after the initiation of ADT [21] . In the CHAARTED and LATITUDE trials, patients treated with upfront chemotherapy and androgen receptor targeting agents had a better OS than those treated with ADT alone [22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The curative effect of androgen deprivation therapy alone is insufficient in high-risk prostate cancer

et al. 2021

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To compare the outcomes of patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated by primary radical prostatectomy (RP) and primary androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).The study included patients with high-risk or very high-risk prostate cancer. Patients treated with definitive radiation therapy and those with clinical N1 and M1 disease were excluded. The RP group was divided into sub-cohorts of patients treated with ADT and those who received ADT after biochemical recurrence post-RP. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model.The study analyzed 859 patients divided into the RP group (n = 654) and ADT group (n = 205). Castration-resistant prostate cancer was detected in 23 (3.5%) patients in the RP group and 43 (21.0%) patients in the ADT group. Mortality cases included 63 (9.6%) patients in the RP group and 91 (44.4%) patients in the ADT group. CSS (P = .0002) and OS (P < .0001) were significantly higher in the RP group than in the ADT group. In the sub-cohort, CSS did not differ significantly between the RP and ADT groups, whereas OS was significantly higher in the RP group than in the ADT group (P < .0001). In the multivariate analysis, primary ADT increased CSS (hazard ratio, 2.068; P = .0498) and OS (hazard ratio, 3.218; P < .0001) compared with RP.In clinically localized high-risk prostate cancer patients, primary RP was associated with better CSS and OS than primary ADT. Comprehensive counseling in this cohort of patients will help the selection of treatment.

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“…Choi et al (2018) divided 602 patients of CRPC into three risk groups by assigning a score based on various attributes like age, BMI, Charlson Comorbidity Index, T , N , M , location of metastasis, etc. The multivariate analysis was used for determining the effect of all the attributes.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific survival in prostate cancer using machine learning

Doja

Kaur

Ahmad

2020

DTA

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PurposeThe incidence of prostate cancer is increasing from the past few decades. Various studies have tried to determine the survival of patients, but metastatic prostate cancer is still not extensively explored. The survival rate of metastatic prostate cancer is very less compared to the earlier stages. The study aims to investigate the survivability of metastatic prostate cancer based on the age group to which a patient belongs, and the difference between the significance of the attributes for different age groups.Design/methodology/approachData of metastatic prostate cancer patients was collected from a cancer hospital in India. Two predictive models were built for the analysis-one for the complete dataset, and the other for separate age groups. Machine learning was applied to both the models and their accuracies were compared for the analysis. Also, information gain for each model has been evaluated to determine the significant predictors for each age group.FindingsThe ensemble approach gave the best results of 81.4% for the complete dataset, and thus was used for the age-specific models. The results concluded that the age-specific model had the direct average accuracy of 83.74% and weighted average accuracy of 79.9%, with the highest accuracy levels for age less than 60.Originality/valueThe study developed a model that predicts the survival of metastatic prostate cancer based on age. The study will be able to assist the clinicians in determining the best course of treatment for each patient based on ECOG, age and comorbidities.

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Simple risk assessment in prostate cancer patients treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy: The Korean Cancer Study of the Prostate risk classification

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Sea cucumber extract TBL‐12 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells through the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway

Sea cucumber extract TBL‐12 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells through the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and intrinsic caspase apoptosis pathway

The curative effect of androgen deprivation therapy alone is insufficient in high-risk prostate cancer

Age-specific survival in prostate cancer using machine learning

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