Simulated retrievals for the remote sensing of CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, CO, and H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;O from geostationary orbit

Xi, Xu Guang; Natraj, Vijay; Shia, Run‐Lie; Luo, Ming; Zhang, Q.; Newman, Sally; Sander, Stanley P.; Yung, Yuk L.

doi:10.5194/amt-8-4817-2015

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It was a finalist for the ESA's Earth Explorer Program in 2015. GEO-CAPE (Fishman et al, 2012), GeoFTS (Xi et al, 2015), geoCARB (Polonsky et al, 2014), and G3E are geostationary instruments focused on mapping the continental scale with 2-5 km resolution. Geostationary capabilities are discussed further in Sect.…”

Section: Tir Swirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Methane is a greenhouse gas emitted by a range of natural and anthropogenic sources. Atmospheric methane has been measured continuously from space since 2003, and new instruments are planned for launch in the near future that will greatly expand the capabilities of space-based observations. We review the value of current, future, and proposed satellite observations to better quantify and understand methane emissions through inverse analyses, from the global scale down to the scale of point sources and in combination with suborbital (surface and aircraft) data. Current global observations from Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) are of high quality but have sparse spatial coverage. They can quantify methane emissions on a regional scale (100-1000 km) through multiyear averaging. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), to be launched in 2017, is expected to quantify daily emissions on the regional scale and will also effectively detect large point sources. A different observing strategy by GHGSat (launched in June 2016) is to target limited viewing domains with very fine pixel resolution in order to detect a wide range of methane point sources. Geostationary observation of methane, still in the proposal stage, will have the unique capability of mapping source regions with high resolution, detecting transient "super-emitter" point sources and resolving diurnal variation of emissions from sources such as wetlands and manure. Exploiting these rapidly expanding satellite measurement capabilities to quantify methane emissions requires a parallel effort to construct high-quality spatially and sectorally resolved emission inventories. Partnership between top-down inverse analyses of atmospheric data and bottom-up construction of emission inventories is crucial to better understanding methane emission processes and subsequently informing climate policy.

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Section: Tir Swirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

et al. 2016

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“…point from apogee), then step to a new position. In many ways, this configuration resembles the design of the proposed GEO-FTS instrument studied by NASA (Key et al 2012;Xi et al 2015).…”

Section: Near-infrared and Shortwave Infrared (Nir-swir) Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Atmospheric Imaging Mission for Northern Regions: AIM-North

Nassar

McLinden

Sioris

et al. 2019

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing

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AIM-North is a proposed satellite mission that would provide observations of unprecedented frequency and density for monitoring northern greenhouse gases (GHGs), air quality (AQ) and vegetation. AIM-North would consist of two satellites in a highly elliptical orbit formation, observing over land from $40 N to 80 N multiple times per day. Each satellite would carry a near-infrared to shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer for CO 2 , CH 4 , and CO, and an ultraviolet-visible imaging spectrometer for air quality. Both instruments would measure solar-induced fluorescence from vegetation. A cloud imager would make near-real-time observations, which could inform the pointing of the other instruments to focus only on the clearest regions. Multiple geostationary (GEO) AQ and GHG satellites are planned for the 2020s, but they will lack coverage of northern regions like the Arctic. AIM-North would address this gap with quasi-geostationary observations of the North and overlap with GEO coverage to facilitate intercomparison and fusion of these datasets. The resulting data would improve our ability to forecast northern air quality and quantify fluxes of GHG and AQ species from forests, permafrost, biomass burning and anthropogenic activity, furthering our scientific understanding of these processes and supporting environmental policy. R ESUM E AIM-North est une proposition de mission satellitaire visant a acqu erir des observations de l'h emisph ere nord a une fr equence et une densit e sans pr ec edent pour le suivi des gaz a effets de serre (GES), de la qualit e de l'air (QA) et de la v eg etation. AIM-North serait constitu ee de deux satellites plac es dans une orbite hautement elliptique permettant d'observer les surfaces situ ees entre 40 N et 80 N a plusieurs reprises au cours d'une journ ee. Chaque satellite transporterait un spectrom etre imageur op erant dans le proche infrarouge et l'infrarouge de courte longueur d'onde pour la mesure du CO 2 , CH 4 et CO, ainsi qu'un spectrom etre imageur op erant dans l'ultraviolet et le visible pour mesurer la qualit e de l'air. Ces deux instruments mesureraient aussi la fluorescence de la v eg etation induite par le soleil. La d etection des nuages en temps quasi-r eel permettrait de pointer les satellites sur les r egions ARTICLE HISTORYles moins ennuag ees. De multiples satellites g eostationnaires (GEO) pour la mesure de la QA et des GES sont pr evus pour la d ecennie 2020 mais ils ne couvriront pas les r egions les plus nordiques. AIM-North pallierait a ce manque et chevaucherait la couverture des satellites GEO, facilitant ainsi l'inter-comparaison de divers jeux de donn ees. Ces donn ees am elioreraient notre capacit e a pr evoir la QA des r egions nordiques et a quantifier les flux de GES et de QA provenant des milieux naturels et des activit es anthropiques, approfondissant notre compr ehension de ces processus et appuyant les politiques environnementales.

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“…This model is better than a traditional numerical two‐stream model in that the singly scattered radiation is computed exactly, while the two‐stream approximation is used only for the multiply scattered radiation. It has been used in several previous studies on the remote sensing of greenhouse gases [e.g., Xi et al , ; Zhang et al , ]. We use a typical model atmosphere derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction‐National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data [ Kalnay et al , ].…”

Section: Radiative Transfer Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

X_CO2 retrieval error over deserts near critical surface albedo

Zhang

Shia

Sander

et al. 2016

Earth and Space Science

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Large retrieval errors in column-weighted CO 2 mixing ratio (X CO2 ) over deserts are evident in the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 version 7 L2 products. We argue that these errors are caused by the surface albedo being close to a critical surface albedo (α c ). Over a surface with albedo close to α c , increasing the aerosol optical depth (AOD) does not change the continuum radiance. The spectral signature caused by changing the AOD is identical to that caused by changing the absorbing gas column. The degeneracy in the retrievals of AOD and X CO2 results in a loss of degrees of freedom and information content. We employ a two-stream-exact single scattering radiative transfer model to study the physical mechanism of X CO2 retrieval error over a surface with albedo close to α c . Based on retrieval tests over surfaces with different albedos, we conclude that over a surface with albedo close to α c , the X CO2 retrieval suffers from a significant loss of accuracy. We recommend a bias correction approach that has significantly improved the X CO2 retrieval from the California Laboratory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing data in the presence of aerosol loading.

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Simulated retrievals for the remote sensing of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, CO, and H<sub>2</sub>O from geostationary orbit

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

The Atmospheric Imaging Mission for Northern Regions: AIM-North

X_CO2 retrieval error over deserts near critical surface albedo

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Simulated retrievals for the remote sensing of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, CO, and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O from geostationary orbit

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

The Atmospheric Imaging Mission for Northern Regions: AIM-North

XCO2 retrieval error over deserts near critical surface albedo

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Simulated retrievals for the remote sensing of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, CO, and H<sub>2</sub>O from geostationary orbit

X_CO2 retrieval error over deserts near critical surface albedo