“…For example, VaiR (Rietzler et al, 2017) and Head Mounted Wind (Cardin et al, 2007) are both extending the VR headset with wind and thermal stimuli, while Season Traveler (Ranasinghe et al, 2018) also integrates olfactory stimuli to increase the sense of the presence of users in a multisensory VR experience. While there is a growing interest in exploring the potentials around smell in VR to enrich user experiences with olfactory stimuli (Carulli et al, 2018;Risso et al, 2018;Bordegoni et al, 2019) and in designing wearable olfactory interfaces [e.g., Wang et al (2020), Amores and Maes (2017), and Amores et al (2018)], the study of smell in relation to its spatial features is still limited, [e.g., Maggioni et al (2020), Shaw et al (2019), and Kim and Ando (2010)]. Hence, here we specifically investigated the effect of smell presented under unimodal and multimodal conditions for catching the attention of users during a visual exploration task in VR.…”