Simulation analysis of reflective performance of marking glass beads

Abstract

Road traffic markings are made of glass beads embedded in paint. To analyze the effects of glass-bead radius, embedment depth, correlated color temperature of light sources, and incident angle on the reflective performance of glass beads, a numerical model is established using the geometric optics method, effective light conditions are analyzed, calculation methods for optical power devised, and non-standard planes of incident light calculated. Calculations were also carried out. Results show that the retroreflective properties of glass beads are positively correlated with the correlated color temperature of the light source and radius of the beads. The glass-bead radii, embedment depths, and incident angles have little effect on their reflective performance. Moreover, the correlated color temperature of the light source is an important factor affecting the accuracy of measuring glass-bead reflective performance. When using retro reflectometers, standard retro reflectance-measuring devices for retro reflectance measurement, and other equipment to evaluate the reflective performance of road traffic markings, the correlated color temperature of the light source of the equipment should be as close as possible to 2856 K.

Study on the Reflective Principle and Long-Term Skid Resistance of a Sustainable Hydrophobic Hot-Melt Marking Paint

“…If there are too many glass beads, they appear to be agglomerated, produce too dense refraction, diverge from the direction of incidence, and are difficult to form a return reflection, increasing the cost. At the same time, the glass beads also simply fall off the surface of the marking, and the reflection effect is poor [27]. Therefore, by controlling the spreading amount of glass beads at 0.37~0.45 kg/m 3 , the reflective effect of the marking line is better [28].…”

Kinetic Behavior of the Nonisothermal Crystallization of Highly Refracted Glass Microspheres

“…Given their form factor, GMSs typically have an adjustable refractive index, directional regression reflections, and high mechanical strengths . GMSs can be widely used as reflective markings for pavement roads, insulation materials, coating materials with low viscosity, and functional materials for the aviation industry . During the past decade, the application of GMSs has been expanded to autonomous vehicles, defense equipment, and space shuttles …”