Simulation and performance analysis of Multiple PCS sensors system

Abstract

In this paper, a novel circuit is presented which overcome a serious limitation found in case of multiple sensors system. In this novel system design only one reference electrode and few active components used that makes the implementation of a low-cost system for the supervision of water quality. Photo Catalytic Sensor (PCS) estimates the parameter BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) which is generally used to estimate quality of water. The system proposed in this paper involves a balanced bridge approach using few electronic components that provides a correlation in the input-output signals of low-cost sensors. The main reason of employing a readout circuit to PCS circuitry, is the fact that the fluctuation of O2 influences the threshold voltage, which is internal parameter of the FET and can manifest itself as a voltage signal at output but as a function of the trans conductance gain. The trans-conductance is a passive parameter and in order to derive voltage or current signal from its fluctuations the sensor has to be attached to readout circuit. This circuit provides high sensitivity to the changes in percentage of O2 in the solution.

Simulation & performance analysis of various R2R D/A converter using various topologies

“…When data is in binary form, the 0's and 1's where the logic zero may be a value up to 0.8 volts and the 1 may be a voltage from 3 to 5 volts. [26][27][28] The data can be converted to clean digital form using gates which are designed to be on or off depending on the value of the incoming signal. Data in clean binary digital form can be converted to an analog form by using a summing amplifier.…”

Controlling the Output Error for Photo Catalytic Sensor (PCS) Using Fuzzy Logic

“…In the process of Photo catalysis, the oxygen content in any given sample can be determined by observing the change in dissolved oxygen concentration. [17,18] is shown in Figure 3.…”

“…Since the two inputs occur simultaneously, so AND operator has been chosen in IF statements. R 1 : If temperature is low [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and sensor output is low [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…R 9 : If temperature is high [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and sensor output is medium [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”