Simulation, comparison and analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks protocols: LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-1R, and HEED

Omari, Mohammed; Laroui, Soumia

doi:10.1109/intee.2015.7416826

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Also, the time in which each node has to be selected as a CH is also not considered. [15] [16] In case, if the low energy node has been considered as a CH then it decreases the lifetime of the network. To resolve this problem, Cuckoo search as an optimization algorithm has been used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced LEACH in Wireless Sensor Network

2019

IJITEE

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of self-governing sensors that sense as well as monitor the area in which these nodes are deployed and distribute this information in a distributed manner. Presently, the WSN with long life and minimum energy consumption are in demand. To overcome this problem, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is presented with the addition of Cuckoo Search (CS) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) concept. The problem of LEACH protocol like which node is considered as Cluster Head (CH) is overcome by CS. On the basis of healthy function, the nodes property such as energy consumed by each node is categorized. Those nodes that have higher energy compared to the defined function are put in one category and remaining in another category. These two categories of nodes are provided as an input to SVM and train the system. Therefore, the best node having the highest energy is considered as CH and hence enhanced the lifetime by saving the energy upto 21.86 %.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced LEACH in Wireless Sensor Network

2019

IJITEE

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“…It combined the ideas of energy-efficient cluster-based routing and media access together with application-specific data aggregation to achieve good performance in terms of system lifetime, latency, and application-perceived quality [47]. In [48], the article analyzed four different clustering protocols. The comparison was based on the number of control packets, number of rounds, live nodes, and data delivery to the base station and the residual energy in each round.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on routing optimization of WSNs based on improved LEACH protocol

Liang

Yang

et al. 2019

J Wireless Com Network

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LEACH routing protocol equalizes the energy consumption of the network by randomly selecting cluster head nodes in a loop, which will lead to the defect of unstable network operation. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption of data transmission in the routing protocol and increase the network life cycle. However, there is also a problem that cluster heads count with a wide range and the cluster head forwarding data consumed greatly power in the LEACH, which remains to be solved. In this paper, we put forward an approach to optimize the routing protocol. Firstly, the optimal number of cluster head is calculated according to the overall energy consumption per round to reduce the probability of excessive cluster head distribution. Then, the cluster head is used as the core to construct the Voronoi Diagram. The nodes in the same Voronoi diagram become a cluster, that the energy consumption communication in intra-cluster would be less. Finally, in order to optimize the multi-hop routing protocol, an ant colony algorithm is added using a cluster head near the BS to receive and forward it from a remote cluster head. According to the MATLAB simulation data, the protocol can significantly prolong the lifetime of WSNs compared with the LEACH protocol and increase the energy efficiency per unit node in per round. Energy consumption of the proposed approach is only. The approach improved the First Node Death (FND) time by 127%, 22.2%, and 14.5% over LEACH, LEACH-C, and SEP, respectively.

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“…One of the most important protocols proposed for a WSN is LEACH protocol [19], which introduces innovative clustering and dynamic CH selection. However, the LEACH protocol doesn't consider the residual energy of the nodes and the locations of the nodes, when transmitting information in a long distance, the energy of the nodes which are far from the CH will be exhausted in advance.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy-Optimization Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Dynamic Hierarchical Clustering in 3D WSNs

et al. 2019

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An important issue in the three-dimensional (3D) wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is sensor energy optimization. To alleviate this issue, we introduce a new 3D spherical network structure model, and by combining the original energy consumption model to construct a new method to determine the optimal number of clusters and balance the total energy consumption. Since the different sizes of the clusters are generated by traditional hierarchical clustering, it causes unbalanced energy consumption in the network. To alleviate this problem, we adopt an improved dynamic hierarchical clustering method and implement two strategies that include the following three contributions: the introduction of the distance similarity index to get a better clustering, a double cluster head (CH) strategy to reduce the load of a cluster head in a large cluster, and a node dormancy mechanism to balance the energy consumption of the network. In addition, we also propose the optimal cluster-head function to select the CH of each cluster in each round, and the optimal cluster-head function is constructed based on the residual energy and positions of the nodes. Finally, to optimize the CH election strategy, several parameters of the optimal cluster-head function are determined according to the network structure. The simulation results show that our routing protocol is more robust compared with four other protocols, which is of great significance for the application in 3D environment monitoring.

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Simulation, comparison and analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks protocols: LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-1R, and HEED

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

An Enhanced LEACH in Wireless Sensor Network

An Enhanced LEACH in Wireless Sensor Network

Research on routing optimization of WSNs based on improved LEACH protocol

An Energy-Optimization Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Dynamic Hierarchical Clustering in 3D WSNs

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