“…To deal with these critical problems, many governments have announced environmental legislation associated with green product designs and encouraged enterprises to implement green supply chains and reverse logistics to improve customer satisfaction, extend product life, and decrease resource investment. Reverse logistics is a recoverable system that increases product life by means of recycling, repair, refurbishment, and remanufacturing [2][3][4]. In 2011, Benjamin T. Hazen [5] defined reverse logistics as the processes associated with the flows of product returns, source reduction, recycling, material substitution, material reuse, waste disposal, material refurbishment, repair, and remanufacturing.…”