Simulation of a central scotoma using contact lenses with an opaque centre

Almutleb, Essam S.; Bradley, Arthur; Jedlicka, Jason; Hassan, Shirin E.

doi:10.1111/opo.12422

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Plus power can be added to the peripheral retinal image using some of the same approaches described above, such as by several types of centre‐distance concentric ring designs (for example, MiSight; CooperVision, Pleasanton, CA, USA) or annular (Biofinity Multifocal, CooperVision). The axial separation of the cornea and contact lens from the eye's entrance pupil necessitates that rays entering the pupil from the peripheral field must pass through the peripheral optics of the contact lens . Of course, a similar variation in refractive state across the visual field may also potentially be created by aspheric lenses containing significant positive spherical aberration .…”

Section: Adopting Multifocal Optical Designs For the Control Of Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The axial separation of the cornea and contact lens from the eye's entrance pupil necessitates that rays entering the pupil from the peripheral field must pass through the peripheral optics of the contact lens. 63,[155][156][157][158] Of course, a similar variation in refractive state across the visual field may also potentially be created by aspheric lenses containing significant positive spherical aberration. 159 Likewise, orthokeratology also produces an eye with myopia in the peripheral optics or equivalently an eye with positive corneal plane spherical aberration.…”

Section: Adopting Multifocal Optical Designs For the Control Of Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correction of presbyopia: old problems with old (and new) solutions

Kollbaum

Bradley

2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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We live in a three‐dimensional world and the human eye can focus images from a wide range of distances by adjusting the power of the eye's lens (accommodation). Progressive senescent changes in the lens ultimately lead to a complete loss of this ability by about age 50, which then requires alternative strategies to generate high‐quality retinal images for far and close viewing distances. This review paper highlights the biomimetic properties and underlying optical mechanisms of induced anisometropia, small apertures, dynamic lenses, and multi‐optic lenses in ameliorating the visual consequences of presbyopia. Specifically, the advantages and consequences of non‐liner neural summation leveraged in monovision treatments are reviewed. Additionally, the value of a small pupil is quantified, and the impact of pinhole pupil location and their effects on neural sensitivity are examined. Different strategies of generating multifocal optics are also examined, and specifically the interaction between ocular and contact or intraocular lens aberrations and their effect on resulting image quality are simulated. Interestingly, most of the novel strategies for aiding presbyopic and pseudophakic eyes (for example, monovision, multifocality, pinhole pupils) have emerged naturally via evolution in a range of species.

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Section: Adopting Multifocal Optical Designs For the Control Of Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adopting Multifocal Optical Designs For the Control Of Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Correction of presbyopia: old problems with old (and new) solutions

Kollbaum

Bradley

2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…Usually they make use of goggles with easily changeable lenses to simulate different anomalies. Almutleb et al used contact lenses to simulate central scotoma [16]. Although these techniques, specially the ones that use goggles, are inexpensive, their setup is rather cumbersome with each disease requiring a different hardware setup.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Parametric Perceptual Deficit Modeling and Diagnostics Framework for Retina Damage Using Mixed Reality

Aniruddha

Zaman

Tavakkoli

et al. 2019

Advances in Visual Computing

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Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a progressive visual impairment affecting millions of individuals. Since there is no current treatment for the disease, the only means of improving the lives of individuals suffering from the disease is via assistive technologies. In this paper we propose a novel and effective methodology to accurately generate a parametric model for the perceptual deficit caused by the physiological deterioration of a patient's retina due to AMD. Based on the parameters of the model, a mechanism is developed to simulate the patient's perception as a result of the disease. This simulation can effectively deliver the perceptual impact and its progression to the patient's eye doctor. In addition, we propose a mixed-reality apparatus and interface to allow the patient recover functional vision and to compensate for the perceptual loss caused by the physiological damage. The results obtained by the proposed approach show the superiority of our framework over the state-of-the-art low-vision systems.

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“…None of these induces a PRL, as they merely suppress image resolution at the fovea. Central scotomas have been simulated with contact lenses (Almutleb, Bradley, Jedlicka, & Hassan, 2018). This approach requires a small pupil size and is thus useful for daytime outdoor studies, but it would not work with the luminances from electronic displays that are currently available at a reasonable price.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) is maintained following changes in simulated scotoma size

2020

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Although macular lesions often enlarge, we know little about what happens when the preferred retinal locus (PRL) is enveloped by the lesion. We present a prospective study of subjects with normal vision who were trained to develop a PRL using simulated scotomas with a gaze-contingent visual display. We hypothesized that, when subjects had developed a robust PRL and the scotoma size was increased, the PRL would move to remain outside the scotoma and in a direction that maintained the orientation (theta) of the PRL relative to the fovea. Nine subjects with normal vision were trained to develop a PRL and were then exposed to scotoma sizes that ranged from 4°to 24°in diameter. Subjects tracked a stimulus using saccades or smooth pursuits. Fixation stability was measured by calculating the bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA). To measure the reassignment of the oculomotor reference (OMR) to the PRL, we analyzed the spread (BCEA) of saccade first landing points. All subjects developed a robust PRL that did not vary more than 0.8°on average between blocks of trials of a scotoma size, and they maintained the orientation of the PRL as the simulated scotoma size varied (±9°median standard deviation in theta, defined as orientation angle). Fixation stability and OMR to the PRL worsened (larger BCEA) with increasing scotoma size. This, and related studies, could guide development of a PRL training method to help people with central vision loss.

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Simulation of a central scotoma using contact lenses with an opaque centre

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Correction of presbyopia: old problems with old (and new) solutions

Correction of presbyopia: old problems with old (and new) solutions

A Parametric Perceptual Deficit Modeling and Diagnostics Framework for Retina Damage Using Mixed Reality

Orientation of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) is maintained following changes in simulated scotoma size

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