Simulation of digestion in cattle fed sugarcane: model development

Dijkstra, J.; Neal, H.D.St.C.; Assis, A.G.; Aroeira, Luiz Januário Magalhães; Campos, Oriel Fajardo de

doi:10.1017/s0021859600078011

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This follows from the original axiom of Blaxter et al (1956), who argued that whole tract digestibility or the extent of rumen degradation is a constant estimated from the kinetics parameters for passage and degradation, which forms the basis for models describing the extent of rumen degradation (Dijkstra et al, 1996;AFRC, 1998;France et al, 2000). Both enriched silages (GSH and GSL) showed a decrease in d 13 C in the DM and NDF fractions in the residue after in vitro fermentation up to 24 h, after which time the level of enrichment showed no further decline (Figure 2).…”

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confidence: 99%

δ13C as a marker to study digesta passage kinetics in ruminants: a combined in vivo and in vitro study

Pellikaan

Verstegen

Tamminga

et al. 2013

Animal

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The aim of the current study was to explore the use of the tracer 13C as an internal marker to assess feed fraction-specific digesta passage kinetics through the digestive tract of dairy cows. Knowledge on feed-specific fractional passage rates is essential to improve estimations on the extent of rumen degradation and microbial protein efficiency; however, this information is largely lacking. An in vivo and in vitro experiment was conducted with grass silages (Lolium perenne L.) that were enriched with 13C by growing the grass under elevated 13CO2 conditions. In a crossover design, two dairy cows received pulse doses of two 13C-enriched grass silages and chromium-mordanted neutral detergent fibre (Cr-NDF) into the rumen. The two 13C-enriched grass silages used differed in digestibility and were grown under identical field conditions as the bulk silages fed to the animals. Faecal excretion patterns of 13C-enriched dry matter (13C-DM), neutral detergent fibre (13C-NDF) and Cr-NDF were established, and a nonlinear multicompartmental model was used to determine their rumen passage kinetics. In addition, the 13C-enriched silages were incubated in rumen liquid in an in vitro batch culture system at different time intervals to determine the effect of fermentation on 13C-enrichment in the residue. The in vitro study showed that the 13C : 12C ratios in DM and NDF residues remained stable from 24 h of incubation onwards. In addition, in vitro fractional degradation rates for 12C in the DM and NDF did not differ from those of 13C, indicating that fermentative degradation does not affect the 13C : 12C ratio in the DM nor in the NDF fraction of the residue. Model fits to the faecal excretion curves showed a significant difference in fractional rumen passage rates between Cr-NDF, 13C-DM and 13C-NDF (P ⩽ 0.025). Silage type had no clear effect on rumen passage kinetics (P ⩾ 0.081). Moreover, it showed that peak enrichments for 13C-DM and 13C-NDF in faeces were reached at 30.7 and 41.7 h post dosing, respectively. This is well after the time (24 h) when the 13C : 12C ratios of the in vitro unfermented residues have reached stable enrichment level. Fractional rate constants for particle passage from the rumen are estimated from the descending slope of faecal excretion curves. The present study shows that the decline in 13C : 12C ratio after peak enrichment is not affected by fermentative degradation and therefore can be used to assess feed component-specific fractional passage rates.

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confidence: 99%

δ13C as a marker to study digesta passage kinetics in ruminants: a combined in vivo and in vitro study

Pellikaan

Verstegen

Tamminga

et al. 2013

Animal

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“…The inclusion of the new features in the model developed by Dijkstra et al (1996a) was accomplished at the Animal Science Department of the Wageningen University. The model was run using the simulation program SMART ® developed at this university.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Fatty acid fractions include long chain fatty acids (Ld) and volatile fatty acids (Va) and, the rumen microbial DM (Mi) is represented by one state variable. Detailed description of the model and applications are described in Dijkstra et al (1996a;1996b).…”

Section: Model Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of the present study is to extend the model of Dijkstra et al (1996a) to non-steady state feeding conditions and to enable the model to simulate nutrient availability as a response to feed intake patterns and the kinetics of particle size reduction. The extended model may help in particular to explain the effects of variation in physical and chemical characteristics of tropical feeds on observed milk yields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation model for particle dynamics in rumen of cattle fed sugarcane diet

Collao-Saenz¹,

Dijkstra²,

Paiva³

et al. 2005

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Animal simulation models are sets of equations used to describe biological processes. A nonsteady state simulation model of cattle digestion is presented in order to represent nutrient availability as a response to feed intake pattern and the kinetics of particle size reduction. Variables representing the particle size reduction and discontinuous voluntary feed intake were included in a mechanistic model created to optimize the supplementation of sugarcane based diets. In general the predicted values were very close to observed values for fibre and nitrogen flows. The model has not shown consistent bias in relation to the behavior of the observed data of duodenal flow of neutral detergent fiber and non-ammonia nitrogen. Milk production simulations were quite close to actual values. Predictions were improved by the non steady-state model, taking into account variable intake rate in relation to the previous steady-state model. The model can be used to select strategies for supplementation of cattle fed sugarcane based diets.

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“…According to Litwińczuk et al (2013), a wider range of fodders, i.e., haylage in addition to maize silage, could contribute to higher efficiency of nutrient absorption and, consequently, to higher daily gains in young bulls. Grosse et al (1991;Dijkstra et al, 1996), observed a correlation between higher efficiency of nutrient utilization and higher body weight gains in cattle. Litwińczuk et al (2012), demonstrated that the body measurements of bulls were affected by both cattle breed and feeding intensity.…”

Section: ±08 Explanatory Notes As Inmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fattening Performance of Bulls of three Breeds Fattened Semi-Intensively in the Kostanay Region

Aitzhanova¹,

Naimanov²,

Miciński³

et al. 2017

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cattle breed on carcass traits and meat quality of bulls fattened semi-intensively and slaughtered at 18 months of age. The animals were divided into three experimental groups: Group AA -16 Angus bulls, group WK -19 Kazakh White headed bulls, group AK -20 Kazakh Aulie-Ata bulls. All bulls were slaughtered at the end of the fattening period. Angus bulls had the highest (p≤0.05) final body weight (494.9 kg) at 18 months of age. Average daily gain was also highest (p≤0.01 and p≤0.05) in group AA (863 g). Angus bulls were characterized by the highest carcass dressing percentage (56.8%) and the highest fat content (3.4%). Carcass length and thigh circumference were significantly (p≤0.05) higher in AA bulls than in AK bulls. The content of lean meat and fat in the carcass was highest (79.4%, p≤0.05) in AA bulls and lowest in AK bulls. Samples of semitendinosus muscle collected from AA bulls had the highest content of dry matter (24.89%), protein (22.5%) and fat (2.27%, p≤0.05).

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Simulation of digestion in cattle fed sugarcane: model development

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

δ13C as a marker to study digesta passage kinetics in ruminants: a combined in vivo and in vitro study

δ13C as a marker to study digesta passage kinetics in ruminants: a combined in vivo and in vitro study

Simulation model for particle dynamics in rumen of cattle fed sugarcane diet

Fattening Performance of Bulls of three Breeds Fattened Semi-Intensively in the Kostanay Region

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