Simulation of slow-wave electrical activity of small intestine

Sarna, S. K.; Daniel, E. E.; Kingma, Y.J.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.221.1.166

Cited by 174 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…This hypothesis is supported by the fact that great irregularities have been noted in mor phology and amplitude of the slow waves during the postoperative peri od in all our subjects. Indeed, the slow waves are thought to play a role in the co-ordination of intestinal motility by favouring the occurrence of bursts of spikes and permitting their propagation along the intestine [7,15,24). Thus, our observations support the view that the disturbance of the BER might be responsible for the inefficiency in propulsion of the intestinal movements in the postoperative period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Dauchel¹,

Schang²,

Kachelhoffer³

et al. 1976

Eur Surg Res

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Myoelectrical activity of the gut has been studied in the postoperative period on 54 patients who underwent cholecystectomy. They have been divided into one control group and four other groups which were treated with pentagastrin, cholecystokinin, prostigmine or coherin (a posterior pituitary extract). In all patients, bursts of spikes were recorded during the early postoperative period. However, the slow waves were strongly disturbed at this time. Pentagastrin, CCK-PZ and prostigmine had no effect on the slow waves, while they increased the frequency of the spikes. These substances did not reduce the duration of the ‘physiological’ ileus. On the contrary, coherin was found to improve the regularity of the slow waves and to reduce the duration of the ‘physiological’ ileus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Dauchel¹,

Schang²,

Kachelhoffer³

et al. 1976

Eur Surg Res

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“…The smooth muscle cells generating slow waves in the gastrointestinal tract behave as arrays of relaxation oscillators (138,139). In a system of coupled relaxation oscillators, each Fig.…”

Section: The Roles Of Icc In the Generation And Propagation Of Slow Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the ICC acted as the pacemakers, the frequency of the slow waves generated in the underlying circular smooth muscle cells would also be the same and phase locked along substantial lengths of each of the major organs in the gut. However, the slow waves in the colon and the distal small intestine are variable in frequency and not phase locked (132,134,135,138). The answer to this quandary is unknown.…”

Section: The Roles Of Icc In the Generation And Propagation Of Slow Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the RMP is greater (more hyperpolarized) in the duodenum than in the ileum (104). Accordingly, the amplitude and the stability of the slow waves decrease from the duodenum to the ileum (138). CO generated from the breakdown of HO also correlates with the RMP gradients from the gastric fundus to the gastric antrum and from the duodenum to the ileum (55, 104).…”

Section: The Roles Of Icc In the Generation And Propagation Of Slow Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are interstitial cells of Cajal plurifunction cells in the gut?

Sarna¹

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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The proposed functions of the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are to 1) pace the slow waves and regulate their propagation, 2) mediate enteric neuronal signals to smooth muscle cells, and 3) act as mechanosensors. In addition, impairments of ICC have been implicated in diverse motility disorders. This review critically examines the available evidence for these roles and offers alternate explanations. This review suggests the following: 1) The ICC may not pace the slow waves or help in their propagation. Instead, they may help in maintaining the gradient of resting membrane potential (RMP) through the thickness of the circular muscle layer, which stabilizes the slow waves and enhances their propagation. The impairment of ICC destabilizes the slow waves, resulting in attenuation of their amplitude and impaired propagation.2) The one-way communication between the enteric neuronal varicosities and the smooth muscle cells occurs by volume transmission, rather than by wired transmission via the ICC. 3) There are fundamental limitations for the ICC to act as mechanosensors.4) The ICC impair in numerous motility disorders. However, a cause-and-effect relationship between ICC impairment and motility dysfunction is not established. The ICC impair readily and transform to other cell types in response to alterations in their microenvironment, which have limited effects on motility function. Concurrent investigations of the alterations in slow-wave characteristics, excitationcontraction and excitation-inhibition couplings in smooth muscle cells, neurotransmitter synthesis and release in enteric neurons, and the impairment of the ICC are required to understand the etiologies of clinical motility disorders. smooth muscle; slow waves; enteric neurons; excitation-contraction coupling; peristaltic reflex; motility disorders; volume transmission; synaptic transmission, ICC THE INTERSTITIAL CELLS WERE characterized originally by Raymond V. Cajal (20,21). These cells got his attention and that of others because they are intercalated between the autonomic nerves and the effector cells. On the basis of the understanding of the interneuronal communication in the central nervous system (CNS) at that time, Cajal proposed that the intercalating cells [later called the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC)] mediate the transmission of signals from the autonomic neurons to the smooth muscle cells. A few years later, Keith (84) observed a collar of similar cells in the myenteric plexus of the rat ileocecal junction. He was looking for a pacemaker of the gut smooth muscle electrical activity because a few years earlier he had identified such a pacemaker in the sinoatrial node of the heart. He hypothesized that those interstitial cells were the pacemaker cells in the gut. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, several investigators described a plexus of the ICC within the myenteric and submucosal plexi of the small and large intestines. They also identified close connections between the enteric axonal varicosities and ICC processes on one side and g...

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“…W. CHEUNG AND E. E. DANIEL model (Sarna, Daniel & Kingma, 1971) appears attractive in this regard. An alternate explanation has been put forward by Taylor, Daniel & Tomita (1975) who reported the finding of cells close to the myenteric plexus in the rabbit intestine with large slow waves which would therefore potentially serve as pace-makers for both muscle layers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the smooth muscle layers of the rabbit duodenum.

Cheung¹,

Daniel²

1980

The Journal of Physiology

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4. Lowering the temperature from 36 to 30 'C caused a reduction in the membrane potential of the longitudinal muscle cells but not in the circular muscle cells. However, the amplitude of the slow waves of the two layers was reduced to a similar extent.5. Electrical stimulation produced advances of the slow wave cycles if the stimuli were applied between slow waves. The responses of the cells from the two layers were identical.6. Under normal conditions, electrotonic coupling was observed only in cells of the muscle layer whose long axis was aligned along the direction of the applied current.7. In the longitudinal muscle, cholinergic responses blocked by atropine were observed. Inhibitory junction potentials were the predominant response in the circular muscle.8. Excitatory responses were recorded in 9 % of the circular muscle cells. 'Off' excitation following termination of a train of repetitive stimulation pulses was also observed.9. The differences in membrane potentials, spontaneous spiking activities, neural responses, and the failure to demonstrate good electrotonic coupling between the muscle layers suggest that there was poor electrotonic interaction between the muscle layers. The amplitude of the slow waves of the two layers was nevertheless similar. Thus the validity of the hypothesis that slow waves were transmitted passively from the longitudinal layer into the circular layer through electrotonic coupling must be questioned.

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Simulation of slow-wave electrical activity of small intestine

Cited by 174 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Are interstitial cells of Cajal plurifunction cells in the gut?

Comparative study of the smooth muscle layers of the rabbit duodenum.

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