Simulation of Spatial Sensor Characteristics in the Context of the EnMAP Hyperspectral Mission

Segl, Karl; Guanter, Luis; Kaufmann, Hermann; Schubert, J.; Kaiser, Stefan; Sang, Bernhard; Höfer, Stefan

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2010.2042455

Cited by 52 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For this purpose, the EnMAP end-to-end simulation software EeteS has been developed [71][72][73]. The sequential processing chain starts with the EnMAP image simulator that consists of four independent parts, namely the atmospheric, spatial, spectral and radiometric modules.…”

Section: End-to-end Scene Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EnMAP Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Mission for Earth Observation

et al. 2015

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Imaging spectroscopy, also known as hyperspectral remote sensing, is based on the characterization of Earth surface materials and processes through spectrally-resolved measurements of the light interacting with matter. The potential of imaging spectroscopy for Earth remote sensing has been demonstrated since the 1980s. However, most of the developments and applications in imaging spectroscopy have largely relied on airborne spectrometers, as the amount and quality of space-based imaging spectroscopy data remain relatively low to date. The upcoming Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) German imaging spectroscopy mission is intended to fill this gap. An overview of the main characteristics and current status of the mission is provided in this contribution. The core payload of EnMAP consists of a dual-spectrometer instrument measuring in the optical spectral range between 420 and 2450 nm with a spectral sampling distance varying between 5 and 12 nm and a reference signal-to-noise ratio of 400:1 in the visible and near-infrared and 180:1 in the shortwave-infrared parts of the spectrum. EnMAP images will cover a 30 km-wide area in the across-track direction with a ground sampling distance of 30 m. An across-track tilted observation capability will enable a target revisit time of up to four days at the Equator and better at high latitudes. EnMAP will contribute to the development and exploitation of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy applications by making high-quality data freely available to scientific users worldwide.

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Section: End-to-end Scene Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EnMAP Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Mission for Earth Observation

et al. 2015

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“…EeteS has been used to assist with the overall system design, the optimization of fundamental instrument parameters, and to understand the effects of instrumental and environmental parameters on the resulting image characteristics and to investigate the limitations for parameter retrieval [9,27,28].…”

Section: The Enmap Simulator and Test Scene Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Influence of Spectral and Radiometric Calibration Uncertainties on EnMAP Data Products—Examples for Ground Reflectance Retrieval and Vegetation Indices

et al. 2015

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As part of the EnMAP preparation activities this study aims at estimating the uncertainty in the EnMAP L2A ground reflectance product using the simulated scene of Barrax, Spain. This dataset is generated using the EnMAP End-to-End Simulation tool, providing a realistic scene for a well-known test area. Focus is set on the influence of the expected radiometric calibration stability and the spectral calibration stability. Using a Monte-Carlo approach for uncertainty analysis, a larger number of realisations for the radiometric and spectral calibration are generated. Next, the ATCOR atmospheric correction is conducted for the test scene for each realisation. The subsequent analysis of the generated ground reflectance products is carried out independently for the radiometric and the spectral case. Findings are that the uncertainty in the L2A product is wavelength-dependent, and, due to the coupling with the estimation of atmospheric parameters, also spatially variable over the scene. To further illustrate the impact on subsequent data analysis, the influence on two vegetation indices is briefly analysed. Results show that the radiometric and spectral stability both have a high impact on the uncertainty of the narrow-band Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI), and also the broad-band Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is affected.

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“…First simulated EnMAP data has been generated for a geological site [168] and an agricultural site [169]. They were produced by a scene simulator for optical remote sensing imageries [31] with a special emphasis on EnMAP HSI data simulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the Future EnMAP Mission Contribute to Urban Applications? A Literature Survey

et al. 2011

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With urban populations and their footprints growing globally, the need to assess the dynamics of the urban environment increases. Remote sensing is one approach that can analyze these developments quantitatively with respect to spatially and temporally large scale changes. With the 2015 launch of the spaceborne EnMAP mission, a new hyperspectral sensor with high signal-to-noise ratio at medium spatial resolution, and a 21 day global revisit capability will become available. This paper presents the results of a literature survey on existing applications and image analysis techniques in the context of urban remote sensing in order to identify and outline potential contributions of the future EnMAP mission. Regarding urban applications, four frequently addressed topics have been identified: urban development and planning, urban growth assessment, risk and vulnerability assessment and urban climate. The requirements of four application fields and associated image processing techniques used to retrieve desired parameters and create geo-information products have been reviewed. As a result, we identified promising research directions enabling the use of EnMAP for urban studies. First and foremost, research is required to analyze the spectral information content of an EnMAP pixel used to support material-based land cover mapping approaches. This information can subsequently be used to improve urban indicators, such as imperviousness. Second, we identified the global monitoring of urban areas as a promising field of investigation taking advantage of EnMAP's spatial coverage and revisit capability.Remote Sens. 2011, 3 1818However, owing to the limitations of EnMAPs spatial resolution for urban applications, research should also focus on hyperspectral resolution enhancement to enable retrieving material information on sub-pixel level.

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Simulation of Spatial Sensor Characteristics in the Context of the EnMAP Hyperspectral Mission

Cited by 52 publications

References 17 publications

The EnMAP Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Mission for Earth Observation

The EnMAP Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Mission for Earth Observation

Estimating the Influence of Spectral and Radiometric Calibration Uncertainties on EnMAP Data Products—Examples for Ground Reflectance Retrieval and Vegetation Indices

Can the Future EnMAP Mission Contribute to Urban Applications? A Literature Survey

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