Simultaneous analysis and peroxynitrite-scavenging activity of galloylated flavonoid glycosides and ellagic acid in Euphorbia supina

Abstract

The herbs of Euphorbia supina (Euphorbiaceae) have been used to treat hemorrhage, chronic bronchitis, hepatitis, jaundice, diarrhea, gastritis, and hemorrhoids as a medicinal herb. This work is aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the polyphenols with peroxynitrite-scavenging activities. The eight compounds: gallic acid, methyl gallate, avicularin, astragalin, juglanin, isoquercitrin 6″-gallate, astragalin 6″-gallate, and ellagic acid, were isolated from E. supina and used for HPLC analysis and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-))-scavenging assay. Simultaneous analysis of the eight compounds was performed on MeOH extract and its fractions. The contents in MeOH extract and peroxynitrite-scavenging activities of the dimer of gallic acid, ellagic acid (15.64 mg/g; IC50 0.89 μM), and two galloylated flavonoid glycosides, astragalin 6″-gallate (13.72 mg/g; IC50 1.43 μM) and isoquercitrin 6″-gallate (16.99 mg/g; IC50 1.75 μM), were high, compared to other compounds. The legendary uses of E. supina could be attributed to the high content of polyphenols, particularly ellagic acid, isoquercitrin 6″-gallate, and astragalin 6″-gallate as active principles.

Ellagic acid: Pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms involved in liver protection

“…•− , HO • , H 2 O 2 and ONOO • [87][88][89]. On the other hand, EA exerts indirect protective effect against oxidative stress in hepatic cells by upregulation of Nrf2 and downregulation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which modulates the induction of phase I and phase II detoxifying enzymes [74,90,91].…”

Synthesis and Antiradical Activity of Isoquercitrin Esters with Aromatic Acids and Their Homologues

“…From the compounds described in the present work, some antioxidant activity was previously reported only for IQ-6″-gallate and isolated from Euphorbia supina [33] and Pemphis acidula [34], respectively. Peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) [33] and DPPH scavenging activity, inhibition of methyl linoleate oxidation and inhibition of oxidative cell death of IQ-6″-gallate was enhanced compared to IQ [34]. This is in accordance with the present study.…”

Signaling through reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is differentially modulated in sunflower seedling root and cotyledon in response to various nitric oxide donors and scavengers

“…Peroxynitrite and ROS contents were further estimated in seedling roots and cotyledons raised in the presence of 500 mM each of four NO donors (SNP, DETA, SNAP and CAY) and four scavengers (hemoglobin, DETC, DMPO, and cPTIO). Peroxynitrite and ROS contents were estimated in 1,500 g supernatant from the respective tissues using dihydrorhodium-123 dye [DHR-123; Kooy et al 50 ; Nugroho et al 51,52 , Arora and Bhatla, 53 ] and 2 0 ,7 0 -dichlorofluorescin diacetate [H 2 DCFDA; Sharma and Bhatla, 54 ] dyes, respectively.…”