Simultaneous and Successive Discrimination under Identical Stimulating Conditions

Bitterman, M. E.; Tyler, D. W.; Elam, Claude B.

doi:10.2307/1418894

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The authors of the study cited do not themselves give this interpretation of their results, but a similar interpretation is mentioned as a possibility in a subsequent paper (Bitterman, Tyler and Elam, 1955) in which the results of the previous experiment were confirmed. The purpose of the original paper was to test the hypothesis that when stimulus cards were exposed near to one another configurational learning would occur and hence successive discrimination would be facilitated, when stimulus cards are exposed far apart (in the two outside windows of the jumping stand) animals would learn the component stimuli separately and therefore simultaneous discrimination would be facilitated.…”

Section: Experimental Psychology Monograph No Imentioning

confidence: 89%

The Methods and Findings of Experiments on the Visual Discrimination of Shape by Animals

Pick¹,

Sutherland²

1964

The American Journal of Psychology

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Section: Experimental Psychology Monograph No Imentioning

confidence: 89%

The Methods and Findings of Experiments on the Visual Discrimination of Shape by Animals

Pick¹,

Sutherland²

1964

The American Journal of Psychology

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“…In most cases, especially with nonhuman subjects, the results suggest that simultaneous presentation of stimuli gives rise to a faster discrimination process when compared with successive presentation of stimuli (but exceptions are found in Bitterman et al, 1955;Bitterman & Wodinsky, 1953;Weise & Bitterman, 1951).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Several experiments with human participants and nonhuman subjects have been carried out to compare the acquisition of the discriminated response in simultaneous and successive simple discrimination procedures (Bitterman, Tyler, & Elam, 1955;Bitterman & Wodinsky, 1953;Carter & Eckerman, 1975;Grice, 1949;Lipsitt, 1961;Loess & Duncan, 1952;MacCaslin, 1954;Mundy, Honey, & Dwyer, 2007;North & Jeeves, 1956;Weise & Bitterman, 1951;Wodinsky, Varley, & Bitterman, 1954). In most cases, especially with nonhuman subjects, the results suggest that simultaneous presentation of stimuli gives rise to a faster discrimination process when compared with successive presentation of stimuli (but exceptions are found in Bitterman et al, 1955;Bitterman & Wodinsky, 1953;Weise & Bitterman, 1951).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Stimulus Control Acquisition in Simple Discrimination Tasks through Eye Movement

Huziwara¹,

Silva²,

Pérez³

et al. 2015

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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In order to investigate whether simultaneous or successive presentation of stimuli is related to the duration of eye fi xation (i.e., the time spent gazing a specifi c stimulus), this study described the eye movements of young adults in simultaneous and successive simple discrimination tasks. Using 12 landscape scenes as visual stimuli, three participants were exposed to a simple discrimination training with simultaneously presented stimuli (Si Procedure) and then to a second simple discrimination training with successively presented stimuli (Su Procedure). Another three participants were exposed to the Procedure in the opposite order. In both cases, the learning criterion was that at least 90% of the responses should be correct in one block. Eye movements were recorded during the whole experiment. Participants achieved the learning criteria in both procedures. Beyond that, eye fi xation time in the Su Procedure was higher than in the Si Procedure, regardless of the training sequence. Taken together with previous results in different experiments, our fi ndings suggest that the duration of eye fi xation plays a central role in the establishment of different stimulus control topographies. Keywords: Eye movements, eye fi xation time, simultaneous discrimination, successive discrimination, young adults. ResumoCom o objetivo de investigar se a apresentação simultânea ou sucessiva de estímulos estaria relacionada com a duração da fi xação do olhar (i.e., o tempo gasto fi xando um estímulo específi co), este estudo descreveu os movimentos dos olhos de adultos em tarefas de discriminação simples simultâneas e sucessivas. Utilizando 12 cenas de paisagens como estímulos visuais, três participantes foram expostos a um treino de discriminação simples com estímulos apresentados simultaneamente (Procedimento Si) e, em seguida, a um segundo treino de discriminação simples com estímulos apresentados sucessivamente (Procedimento Su). Outros três participantes foram expostos ao Procedimento em ordem inversa. Em ambos os casos, uma concentração mínima de 90% das respostas ao estímulo correto, em um mesmo bloco, defi nia a aquisição da discriminação. Os movimentos dos olhos foram registrados durante todo o experimento. Participantes atingiram os critérios de aquisição da discriminação em ambos os procedimentos. Além disso, o tempo de fi xação do olhar no Procedimento Su foi maior do que no Procedimento Si, independentemente da sequência de treino. Considerados em conjunto com resultados prévios em diferentes experimentos, nossos dados sugerem que a duração da fi xação do olhar exerce um papel central no estabelecimento de diferentes topografi as de controle de estímulos. Palavras-chave: Movimentos dos olhos, tempo de fi xação dos olhos, discriminação simultânea, discriminação sucessiva, jovens adultos.By analyzing simple, everyday events, it is possible to verify that some aspects of the environment infl uence the probability of occurrence of behaviors. A red traffi c light, a road sign, or an offi cer's signal are examples...

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“…These (e.g., Bitterman, Calvin, & Elam, 1953;Bitterman, Tyler, & Elam, 1955;MacCaslin, 1954;North & Jeeves, 1956) generally found that rats learn a simultaneous discrimination task more readily than a successive discrimination involving the same stimuli. These results do not, however, require the conclusion that the simultaneous task is easier because it allows the possibility of comparing the stimuli, as the two types of discrimination that were used differed in other ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the role of stimulus comparison in discrimination learning in Pigeons

Mondragón

Hall

2015

Learning and Motivation

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Simultaneous and Successive Discrimination under Identical Stimulating Conditions

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

The Methods and Findings of Experiments on the Visual Discrimination of Shape by Animals

The Methods and Findings of Experiments on the Visual Discrimination of Shape by Animals

Analyzing the Stimulus Control Acquisition in Simple Discrimination Tasks through Eye Movement

Analysis of the role of stimulus comparison in discrimination learning in Pigeons

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