Simultaneous detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 and 4 in Henan province of China

Xu, Tong; Hou, Cheng-Yao; Zhang, Yuanhang; Li, Hongxuan; Chen, Ximeng; Pan, Jiajia; Chen, Hongying

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2021.145991

Cited by 39 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on complete genomes, rep or cap genes of all the 35 PCV4 sequences deposited in GenBank, phylogenetic trees were constructed, and PCV4 was divided into 2 temporary genotypes: PCV4a and PCV4b [ 18 ]. PCV4a contained 29 sequences collected from 2012 to 2021, whereas PCV4b only included 6 PCV4 sequences from 2017 to 2020.…”

Section: Evolution and Genetic Diversity Of Pcv4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the positively charged residue (R) of PCV2 NLS-A changed to an uncharged residue (A), which significantly decreased membrane permeability and inhibited viral entry into cells (unpublished data). Thus, it was predicted that the mutation of R15W may affect PCV4 NLS functionality [ 18 ], although effects on membrane permeability remain to be determined. At position 27, a polar residue ( 27 S) was changed to a similar polar one (N).…”

Section: Evolution and Genetic Diversity Of Pcv4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the correlation between PCV4 virus titers and clinical manifestations in pigs may be helpful to elucidate PCV4 pathogenesis. Two groups demonstrated that PCV4 produces a moderate viral load [ 15 , 18 ]. Furthermore, the positive rate and viral DNA loads of PCV2 and PCV4 are higher in spleen and lymph nodes than other tissues [ 18 ], indicating PCV2 targets lymphoid tissues and causes lymphocyte depletion, consistent with previous studies [ 1 ].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Pcv4 and Clinical Diseases Associated With T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current knowledge on epidemiology and evolution of novel porcine circovirus 4

Wang

Mai

Yang

et al. 2022

Vet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine circovirus type 4 (PCV4) is a newly emerging virus, with both PCV4 genomic DNA and specific antibodies detected in swine herds in several provinces in China and South Korea. Although the virus was first identified in 2019 in Hunan, China, retrospective research suggests that serum samples collected as early as 2008 were positive for PCV4 antibody. Infections with only PCV4 or co-infections with other pathogens have been associated with several clinical manifestations, but its pathogenesis remains to be determined. The purpose of this review was the following: (1) to characterize PCV4 epidemiology by assessing evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity of PCV4 strains circulating in swine herds; (2) to reconstruct a computerized 3D model to analyze PCV4 Cap properties; (3) and to summarize the current evidence of PCV4-associated clinical-pathological manifestations. The origin of PCV4 is apparently distinct from other PCV, based on analysis of phylogenetic trees. Of note, PCV4 shares an ancient common ancestor with mink circoviruses. Furthermore, the amino acid residue at position 27 of the PCV4 Cap is a key benchmark to distinguish PCV4a (27S) from PCV4b (27 N), based on PCV4 strains currently available, and variation of this residue may alter Cap antigenicity. In addition, the capsid surface of PCV4 has characteristics of increased polar residues, compared to PCV2, which raises the possibility that PCV4 may target negatively charged host receptors to promote virus infection. Further studies are required, including virus isolation and culture, and more detailed characterization of molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of PCV4 in swine herds.

show abstract

Section: Evolution and Genetic Diversity Of Pcv4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution and Genetic Diversity Of Pcv4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Pcv4 and Clinical Diseases Associated With T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Current knowledge on epidemiology and evolution of novel porcine circovirus 4

Wang

Mai

Yang

et al. 2022

Vet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The most recently reported PCV, namely, PCV4, was first identified in Chinese farmed pigs with severe clinical disease in 2019 [ 5 ]. Thereafter, several groups have conducted epidemiological investigations on PCV4 and found that PCV4 also exists widely in pigs [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Kim et al found that the positive rates of PCV4 in individual pig samples and at the farm level were 39.3% and 45.7%, respectively [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Circovirus Type 4 Strains Circulating in China Are Relatively Stable and Have Higher Homology with Mink Circovirus than Other Porcine Circovirus Types

Chen

Niu

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine circovirus type 4 (PCV4) is a newly identified porcine circovirus (PCV) belonging to the Circovirus genus Circoviridae family. Although several groups have conducted epidemiological investigations on PCV4 and found that PCV4 also exists widely in pigs, there are few reports on the origin and evolution of PCV4. In this study, the genetic relationship between PCV4, mink circovirus (MiCV), bat circovirus (BtCV), PCV1, PCV2, and PCV3 was analyzed, and the consistency of viral proteins in three-dimensional (3D) structure and epitopes was predicted. We found that the genome and protein structure of PCV4 was relatively stable among current circulating PCV4 strains. Furthermore, PCV4 was more similar to MiCV in terms of its genome, protein structure, and epitope levels than other PCVs and BtCVs, suggesting that PCV4 may be derived from MiCV or have a common origin with MiCV, or mink may be an intermediate host of PCV4, which may pose a great threat to other animals and/or even human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the infection and variation of PCV4, analyze the host spectrum of PCV4, and establish the prevention and treatment methods of PCV4 infection in advance.

show abstract

“…However, this may only partially reflect the prevalence of PCV2 in Shaanxi due to a small number of samples being obtained. Recently, a study collected clinical samples from Henan province of China and the whole genome sequences of 20 PCV2 strains were analyzed ( 41 ). The results showed that among those 20 strains, 30% (6 strains) belonged to PCV2a, 30% (6 strains) belonged to PCV2b and 40% (8 strains) belonged to PCV2d.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Prevalence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in China During 2000-2019

Liu²,

Qi³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the major pathogen for porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is no longer treated as an emerging virus anymore. The wide distribution of PCV2 infection in China causes huge economic losses in the swine industry. Currently, it is generally believed that PCV2 has eight genotypes (PCV2a to PCV2h), with PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d being widely distributed. To comprehensively explore the genetic diversity and prevalence of PCV2 in China, PCV-2 sequences submitted from China in the GenBank database were retrieved. With a total of 714 PCV2 strains were retrieved, we found that early-submitted PCV2 sequences were mainly collected from coastal provinces in the southeast part of China, which may indicate PCV2 was initially circulating in those regions. From 2002 to 2008, PCV2b was the dominant prevalent genotype in those retrieved sequences. From 2009, PCV2d became the dominant genotype in those sequences, dropping a hint that a potential shift of PCV2b to PCV2d might occur in 2009, which is similar to the patterns at the global level. In addition to the PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d genotypes, novel strains were also characterized. We further revealed that the amino acid sequences consistency of PCV2a Cap is higher than those in other genotypes. Together, this study provided clues for the possible prevalent genotypes and dynamics of genetic diversity in China from 2000 to 2019.

show abstract

Simultaneous detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 and 4 in Henan province of China

Cited by 39 publications

References 48 publications

Current knowledge on epidemiology and evolution of novel porcine circovirus 4

Current knowledge on epidemiology and evolution of novel porcine circovirus 4

Porcine Circovirus Type 4 Strains Circulating in China Are Relatively Stable and Have Higher Homology with Mink Circovirus than Other Porcine Circovirus Types

Genetic Diversity and Prevalence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in China During 2000-2019

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About