Simultaneous Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate and Glucose Based on the Cu-Fenton Reaction

Abstract

Both adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glucose are important to human health, and their abnormal levels are closely related to angiocardiopathy and hypoglycaemia. Therefore, the simultaneous determination of ATP and glucose with a single test mode is highly desirable for disease diagnostics and early recognition. Herein, a new fluorescence on/off switch sensing platform is developed by carbon nanodots (CNDs) to detect ATP and glucose simultaneously. The fluorescence of CNDs can be quenched by Cu2+ and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), due to the formation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) produced in the Cu-Fenton reaction. Based on the high affinity of Cu2+ with ATP, the fluorescence of CNDs will recover effectively after adding ATP. Additionally, glucose can be efficiently catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx) to generate H2O2, so the platform can also be utilized to analyze glucose. Under optimum conditions, this sensing platform displays excellent sensitivity and the linear ranges are from 0.1 to 7 μM for ATP with a limit of detection (LOD) of 30.2 nM, and from 0.1 to 7 mM for glucose with a LOD 39.8 μM, respectively. Benefiting from the high sensitivity and selectivity, this sensing platform is successfully applied for simultaneous detection of ATP and glucose in human serum samples with satisfactory recoveries.

Colorimetric Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Ionic‐Liquid‐Sensitized Zero‐Valent Copper Nanoparticle (nZVCu)

“…Considering the role of Cu + , it is assumed that Cu + could be readily oxidized to Cu +2 using oxidizing agents followed by the reaction of Cu(I) with H 2 O 2 to give some reactive intermediates which can effectively catalyze the oxidation reaction of TMBto the oxidized TMB (oxTMB) to generate blue color reaction product.TMB oxidation‐induced color development is positively associated with Cu 2+ concentration …”

“…Considering the role of Cu + , it is assumed that Cu + could be readily oxidized to Cu + 2 using oxidizing agents followed by the reaction of Cu(I) with H 2 O 2 to give some reactive intermediates which can effectively catalyze the oxidation reaction of TMBto the oxidized TMB (oxTMB) to generate blue color reaction product.TMB oxidation-induced color development is positively associated with Cu 2 + concentration. [42] Based on the above discussion, it has been found that ionic liquid not only acts as an efficient steric stabilizing agent but also enhance and modulate the catalytic properties of nanomaterials without a change in surface reactivity due to its specific solvation properties, a structural moiety of methylimidazolium acetate-based ionic liquid consisting of π electrons both in carboxylate anion and imidazolium cation forming an ionic cluster through electrostatic forces and well dispersion of nanoscale copper to prevent rapid coalescence thereby activating the catalytically active metal surface [43,44] as depicted in Figure 7 (A &B). The comparison revealed that absorbance of ionic liquid in PBS presents almost no absorption to ionic liquid coated nanoparticles as shown in Figure 7 C. Taking into account the synergistic effect with enhanced catalytic activity, the positive effect of the ionic liquid is associated with the cationic part of IL having acidic hydrogen, which plays a major role in the decomposition of H 2 O 2 to generate hydroxyl radical ( * OH) facilitating the oxidation of peroxidase substrate TMB.…”

Oligonucleotic Probes and Immunosensors Based on Nanoporous Anodic Alumina for Screening of Diseases

“…Its abnormal levels are closely related to angiocardiopathy and hypoglycemia. [193] The work of Yu et al [106] presents a voltammetric sensor for the detection of ATP and potassium, also known for its effect on modifiable chronic diseases like hypertension, cardiac disease, diabetes (type-2), and bone health. [194] Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia that affects more than 32 million people worldwide according to the World Health Organization.…”

“…Its abnormal levels are closely related to angiocardiopathy and hypoglycemia. [ 193 ] The work of Yu et al. [ 106 ] presents a voltammetric sensor for the detection of ATP and potassium, also known for its effect on modifiable chronic diseases like hypertension, cardiac disease, diabetes (type‐2), and bone health.…”