Simultaneous determination of active compounds in Piper betle Linn. leaf extract and effect of extracting solvents on bioactivity

Abstract

In the present study, we reported the codetermination of highly bioactive compounds, namely, hydroxychavicol, eugenol, and gallic acid in the Piper betle Linn. leaf extract by high-performance liquid chromatography method. These compounds are of great interest in the pharmaceutical field and also in other food-related applications owing to their impressive biological and pharmaceutical properties. Moreover, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the extracts produced by different extracting solvents were also investigated in detail. The methanol extract was found to contain the highest amounts of hydroxychavicol and gallic acid thus offering the strongest antioxidant activity in 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay. All the three compounds were found at low levels in the hexane extract. However, the solvent type did not affect significantly on the concentration of extracted eugenol. The ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium whereas the hexane extract showed negligible antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that ethyl acetate is a good choice to produce a highly antibacterial extract but methanol and ethanol are more suitable when the antioxidant activity of the extract is more concerned. K E Y W O R D S analysis of phytochemicals, antibacterial activity of phenolics, antioxidant activity of phenolics This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

Development of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and UV-Barrier Chitosan Film Incorporated with Piper betle Linn Oil as Active Biodegradable Packaging Material

“…The existence of spherical-like droplets indicated the dispersion of lipid droplets on the surface of resulting films. However, the spherical-like droplets were not found on the surface of chitosan film incorporated with Piper betle Linn leaf extract [23,40]. Similar findings were found in chitosan film containing 0.4-1.2% (w/v) Origanum vulgare L. oil [30], and 1-4% (v/v) Eucalyptus globulus oil [20], when spherical oil droplets tended to separate and center at the upper surface of film, likely resulted from the traction force caused by chitosan matrix during drying step.…”

Antibacterial Activity ofAndrographis paniculataandPiper betleand their Interactive Effects with Amoxicillin Against Selected Respiratory Pathogens

“…Phytochemicals with antimicrobial compounds such as terpenoids, saponins, tannins, flavones (Malkhan et al, 2012), and phenolic constituents such as eugenol and hydroxychavicol (Nagabhushan et al, 1989) can be extracted using methanol. Furthermore, methanol extract of P. betle contains hydroxychavicol (Nguyen et al, 2020) which is a genotoxic compound that can induce cell impairment and disrupt cell division of bacterial cells. These compounds could be responsible for the synergistic activity of the methanol extract of P. betle to amoxicillin against P. aeruginosa USTCMS 10013.…”

“…Moreover, a study by Rekha et al (2014) indicated that Chavibetol, which is a phenol, is the main chemical component of a P. betle leaf. Hydroxychavicol is another phenol with antimicrobial activity that was reported to be extracted by methanol in P. betle leaves (Nguyen et al, 2020). Phenols have an ability to impair some essential enzymes as it has high protein binding affinity to microbial protein complexes (Miklasińska-Majdanik et al, 2018;Aldulaimi, 2017).…”

AKTIVITAS KANDUNGAN DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN : LITERATURE REVIEW ARTICLE

“…Dapat dilihat bahwa IC50 terendah dicapai dengan ekstrak etanol. Aktivitas penangkap radikal DPPH dari ekstrak yang diperoleh dalam pelarut yang berbeda yaitu metanol > etanol > etil asetat > heksana, menunjukkan bahwa pelarut yang memiliki polaritas lebih tinggi dapat mengekstrak lebih banyak antioksidan dari daun sirih yaitu ekstrak methanol (Nguyen, et al 2020).…”