Simultaneous effects of coupling agent and flame retardant on empty fruit bunch fiber/polypropylene composites

Beg, Mohammad Dalour Hossen; Samahani, Siti; Mina, Forhad; Yunus, Rozan Mohamad

doi:10.1177/0731684413487241

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…[2][3][4][5][6] The price of commercial WPC is dictated by the availability of high-quality sawdust and the current petroleum prices. Wood filler is derived from the waste products generated by lumber processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Much interest exists in the development of WPC that are more durable and cost-competitive compared to pre-existing commercial products. [2][3][4][5][6] The price of commercial WPC is dictated by the availability of high-quality sawdust and the current petroleum prices. Wood filler is derived from the waste products generated by lumber processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of particle size, coupling agent and DDGS additions on Paulownia wood polypropylene composites

Tisserat

Reifschneider

Grewell

et al. 2014

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Studies aimed at improving the tensile, flexural, impact, thermal, and physical characteristics of wood-plastic composites composed of Paulownia wood flour derived from 36-month-old trees blended with polypropylene were conducted. Composites of 25% and 40% w/w of Paulownia wood were produced by twin-screw compounding and injection molding. Composites containing 0-10% by weight of maleated polypropylene were evaluated and an optimum maleated polypropylene concentration determined, i.e., 5%. The particle size distribution of Paulownia wood filler is shown to have an effect on the tensile and flexural properties of the composites. Novel combination composites of dried distiller's grain with solubles mixed with Paulownia wood (up to 40% w/w) were produced and their properties evaluated. Depending on the composite tested, soaking composites for 872 h alters mechanical properties and causes weight gain. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. Abstract Studies aimed at improving the tensile, flexural, impact, thermal, and physical characteristics of wood-plastic composites composed of Paulownia wood flour derived from 36-month-old trees blended with polypropylene were conducted. Composites of 25% and 40% w/w of Paulownia wood were produced by twin-screw compounding and injection molding. Composites containing 0-10% by weight of maleated polypropylene were evaluated and an optimum maleated polypropylene concentration determined, i.e., 5%. The particle size distribution of Paulownia wood filler is shown to have an effect on the tensile and flexural properties of the composites. Novel combination composites of dried distiller's grain with solubles mixed with Paulownia wood (up to 40% w/w) were produced and their properties evaluated. Depending on the composite tested, soaking composites for 872 h alters mechanical properties and causes weight gain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size, coupling agent and DDGS additions on Paulownia wood polypropylene composites

Tisserat

Reifschneider

Grewell

et al. 2014

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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“…At 10% fixed OPF loading used to fabricate the composite panels shows that maximum tensile strength can be obtained as reported by Beg et al [16]. The influence of the FR formulations on the mechanical properties was then evaluated and the results on average presented in (Table 2).…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 74%

Thermal, mechanical and flame spread properties of hybridized flame retardant in oil palm fibre-polyester panel

Suoware

Edelugo

2018

SN Appl. Sci.

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In order to mitigate the start and spread of flame of combustible materials, flame retardants (FR) are incorporated during processing that influences mechanical and thermal properties. In this paper six (6) FR species derived from aluminium hydroxide (ATH), ammonium polyphosphate with gum arabic powder (APP-GAP) a new FR, ATH/APP-GAP hybrid formulation and CB synergist at 0, 12, 15 and 18% loading ratio were developed in oil palm fibre reinforced polyester composites panel using hand lay-up compression moulding technique. The effect of the FR on the mechanical, thermal and flame spread properties were then evaluated. Flame spread results using radiant panel flame spread apparatus show hybrid flame retardant panel traveled less distance of 150 mm from 450 mm of the control without FR which represents a 67% decrease and indicative of a weak available flame spread energy that led to flame extinguishment. Mechanical properties obtained with the universal testing machine reveals improved tensile strength, tensile modulus and flexural strength in the case of the 12%ATH non-hybrid FR by 16.2%, 5.9% and 71.2% respectively, indicative of ATH having great affinity with the polyester resin and effective transfer of stresses. Thermogravimeteric analysis reveals that the 12%ATH non-hybrid FR and the 15%APP-GAP/CB non-hybrid-synergist FR are more thermally stable before degradation began around 376 °C and 391 °C and fully degraded at 421 °C and 415 °C respectively. Char residue at 900 °C also confirms that the non-hybrid synergist residual mass at 17.47% indicative of a rich decomposition nature of APP-GAP-CB into a more stable char structure could be a good flame retardant. The results obtained indicates that the new concept of APP-GAP to formulate an hybridized FR and non-hybrid-synergist in oil palm fibre-polyester panel is feasible to meet the expectations of a good flame retardancy and thermal stability but do not support improved mechanical properties.

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“…Thus, its flame retardant treatment is desirable. Various flame retardants, such as intumescent flame retardant, Mg(OH) 2 , and Al(OH) 3 , are incorporated into PP . The study on the preparation of high performance flame retardant has attracted considerable attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alumina nanoflake‐coated graphene nanohybrid as a novel flame retardant filler for polypropylene

Yuan

Chen

Zou

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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γ-Al 2 O 3 nanoflakes are decorated on the surface of graphene nanosheets by hydrothermal method. The chemical structures, composition, and morphology of the graphene nanohybrid are characterized. Alumina nanoflake-coated graphene nanohybrid is incorporated into polypropylene (PP) matrix by master batch-based melt mixing method. The effects of alumina-graphene nanohybrid on the thermal stability and combustion behavior of PP are investigated. More char residue is left for PP composite containing alumina-graphene nanohybrid. Peak heat release rate of pure PP is greatly decreased by this nanohybrid, corresponding to 30.6% reduction. Fire safety of PP is considerably enhanced. Flame retardant mechanisms are concluded based on the combustion results and char analysis. The barrier effect of graphene and catalytic charring actions of γ-Al 2 O 3 nanoflakes make the contribution to the enhanced flame retardant properties.

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Simultaneous effects of coupling agent and flame retardant on empty fruit bunch fiber/polypropylene composites

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of particle size, coupling agent and DDGS additions on Paulownia wood polypropylene composites

Effect of particle size, coupling agent and DDGS additions on Paulownia wood polypropylene composites

Thermal, mechanical and flame spread properties of hybridized flame retardant in oil palm fibre-polyester panel

Alumina nanoflake‐coated graphene nanohybrid as a novel flame retardant filler for polypropylene

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