Simultaneous Optimization of Nanocrystalline SnO2 Thin Film Deposition Using Multiple Linear Regressions

Ebrahimiasl, Saeideh; Zakaria, A.

doi:10.3390/s140202549

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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\begin{matrix} {Sn}^{2 +} + 2 {OH}^{-} \to Sn {(OH)}_{2} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} Sn {(OH)}_{2} \to SnO + {normalH}_{2} O \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} SnO \to {SnO}_{2} \end{matrix}

…”

Section: The Processing–performance Relation Of Sno2 Eslsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, as Sn has two oxidation states, Sn 2+ and Sn 4+ , both ions can be found in the SnCl 2 solution. According to Sn 2+ , the nucleation mechanism of forming SnO 2 could occur as follows [153,[178][179][180] Sn 2OH Sn OH [181,182] for PSC fabrication, with PCE values comparable with c-TiO 2 -based devices. [67] The key to these results was the utilization of a spin-cast SnO 2 compact layer underneath of the CBD layer, which works as a nucleation layer and forms denser films.…”

Section: Chemical Bath Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tin Oxide Electron‐Selective Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become a promising photovoltaic (PV) technology, where the evolution of the electron‐selective layers (ESLs), an integral part of any PV device, has played a distinctive role to their progress. To date, the mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2)/compact TiO2 stack has been among the most used ESLs in state‐of‐the‐art PSCs. However, this material requires high‐temperature sintering and may induce hysteresis under operational conditions, raising concerns about its use toward commercialization. Recently, tin oxide (SnO2) has emerged as an attractive alternative ESL, thanks to its wide bandgap, high optical transmission, high carrier mobility, suitable band alignment with perovskites, and decent chemical stability. Additionally, its low‐temperature processability enables compatibility with temperature‐sensitive substrates, and thus flexible devices and tandem solar cells. Here, the notable developments of SnO2 as a perovskite‐relevant ESL are reviewed with emphasis placed on the various fabrication methods and interfacial passivation routes toward champion solar cells with high stability. Further, a techno‐economic analysis of SnO2 materials for large‐scale deployment, together with a processing‐toxicology assessment, is presented. Finally, a perspective on how SnO2 materials can be instrumental in successful large‐scale module and perovskite‐based tandem solar cell manufacturing is provided.

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\begin{matrix} {Sn}^{2 +} + 2 {OH}^{-} \to Sn {(OH)}_{2} \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} Sn {(OH)}_{2} \to SnO + {normalH}_{2} O \end{matrix}

\begin{matrix} SnO \to {SnO}_{2} \end{matrix}

…”

Section: The Processing–performance Relation Of Sno2 Eslsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Bath Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin Oxide Electron‐Selective Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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“…Metal oxide semiconductors with wide band gaps have many important applications in the optics, electric and electronic industries. Transparent SnO 2 thin films have been widely used in the production of transparent electrodes, far-infrared detectors, solar cells and gas sensors [1]. SnO 2 films are inexpensive, chemically stable in acidic and basic solutions, thermally stable in oxidizing environments at high temperatures and also mechanically strong [2].Metal composite oxides MxSnyOz (M=Ni, Ca, Fe, Sb, Cu, Mg, Zn, etc) were also proposed to improve cycling stabililty of SnO 2 [3][4][5][6] , A variety of methods, such as magnetron sputtering [7], vacuum evaporation [8], sol-gel [9], chemical vapor deposition [10], and sonochemistry [11] have been employed to prepare SnO 2 thin films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Al doping on the Structural properties of SnO2 thin films prepared by (sol-gel) method

Dahham¹,

Esmaeel²,

Abed³

2023

Tikrit J. Pure Sci.

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Undoped and Al-doped SnO2 thin films have been prepared by sol–gel spin coating process on glass substrate for different doping (0, 2.5 ,5 ,7.5,10)% The starting precursor was used as tin chloride dihydrate (SnCl2.2H2O), ethanol , with and without stabilizer. As annealing in a temperature 500°C for one hours, the results of (X-Ray ) diffraction showed that the films have a Polycrystalline structure and increased intensity when use stabilizer and orientation was (020) with lattice constants (a=4.796, b=5.796, c= 5.193) Å. The surface morphology of the (SnO2: Al) thin films have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) which indicated that the grown films showed good crystalline and homogeneous surface. The Root Mean Square (RMS) values and surface roughness of the films increased with increasing doped concentration specify when use stabilizer.

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Optimization of process parameters and its effect on particle size and morphology of ZnO nanoparticle synthesized by sol–gel method

Dutta¹

2015

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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Simultaneous Optimization of Nanocrystalline SnO2 Thin Film Deposition Using Multiple Linear Regressions

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Tin Oxide Electron‐Selective Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

Tin Oxide Electron‐Selective Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

Effect of Al doping on the Structural properties of SnO2 thin films prepared by (sol-gel) method

Optimization of process parameters and its effect on particle size and morphology of ZnO nanoparticle synthesized by sol–gel method

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