Simultaneous quantitation of 23 bioactive compounds in Tanreqing capsule by high‐performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

Tanreqing capsule (TRQC) is a formulation frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat pyrexia, cough, expectoration and pharyngalgia. Since the pharmacological action of traditional Chinese medicines is closely related to their complex and diverse constituents, understanding the exact composition of TRQC is important to elucidate its clinical effectiveness and mechanism of action as well as to establish quality control methods and resolve safety issues. Herein, we employed high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous quantitation of 23 bioactive compounds in five batches of TRQC; the analytes could be categorized into five types: organic acids (seven compounds), flavonoids (10 compounds), iridoids (two compounds), phenylethanoid glycosides (two compounds) and bile acids (two compounds). The calibration curves for all analytes showed good linearity (r > 0.9953), and the inter‐ and intra‐day precisions did not exceed 4.94 and 4.97%, respectively. The recoveries varied from 90.47% to 109.80%; the corresponding relative standard deviations (RSDs) did not exceed 4.94%; and the repeatability (RSD < 4.72%) and stability (RSD < 4.88%) were also within acceptable limits. Thus, this study can be viewed as a fundamental reference for setting comprehensive TRQC quality standards.

Natural product derived phytochemicals in managing acute lung injury by multiple mechanisms

“…Baicalin, baicalein, rutin, wogonin, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol and chlorogenic acid are the main ingredients of TRQI, which is approved by the National Drug Regulatory Authority of China (China SFDA, number: Z20030045) [ 421 ]. In previous studies, Xi-juan Qiao et al found that combined use of TRQI and ribavirin granules was significantly more effective than iibavirin granules alone in treatment of viral pneumonia in children.…”

Determination of multiple active constituents in Da‐Huang‐Xiao‐Shi decoction using HPLC–LTQ–Orbitrap mass spectrometry: Application in comparing the differences in the formula and its constituent herbs

“…Anthraquinones are known to be the main effective components of DH, and conjugated anthraquinones can be hydrolyzed by bacteria in the colon to release free anthraquinones (Qin et al, 2011), which exert favorable hepatoprotective effects (Li, Dai, et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2015) such as antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects (Arosio et al, 2000; Jiang et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2007; Zhang et al, 2016). According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the four herbs in DHXSD are divided into “ Jun‐Chen ” grade (Kong et al, 2014) and DH is a “ Jun ” drug (emperor), which is the dominant medicine for treating a disease (Zhao et al, 2019). Hence, the increased content of anthraquinones in DHSXD could be beneficial for treating disease.…”

“…According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, ZZ and HB are “ Chen ” drugs (ministers), which enhance the actions of “ Jun ” (Zhao et al, 2019). Compared with ZZ, the contents of chlorogenic acid, genipin 1‐gentiobioside and crocin‐II were significantly higher in DHXSD while the contents of other two components, such as geniposide, were lower (Figure 3b).…”

The effectiveness and safety of Tanreqing Injection combined with ganciclovir on the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in children

“…It is speculated that the mechanism may be some molecules in Tanreqing, combining with HEp-2 cells or the corresponding parts of RSV surface, and changing its conformation or the number and structure of viral receptors on cell membrane to inhibit RSV penetration; during treatment and direct inactivation, the mechanism of Tanreqing inhibiting RSV proliferation and inactivation in vitro may be: Tanreqing could inhibit the replication of viral nucleic acid or prevent viral protein synthesis; some components of Tanreqing can combine with specific parts of RSV surface to make RSV inactive; Tanreqing injection stimulates the cell to secrete some molecular active substances, such as interleukin and interferon, to inhibit the proliferation of virus or kill directly, but its detailed mechanism needs further study. [ 24 , 25 ] Ganciclovir is a widely used antiviral drug with high efficiency and broad-spectrum. The mechanism of ganciclovir inhibiting virus is as follows: on the 1 hand, it can directly penetrate into viral DNA and terminate the extension process of DNA replication; on the other hand, it competes to inhibit viral DNA polymerase and prevent DNA replication.…”