Simultaneous readout of 128 X-ray and gamma-ray transition-edge microcalorimeters using microwave SQUID multiplexing

Mates, J. A. B.; Becker, Daniel; Bennett, Douglas A.; Dober, Bradley; Gard, Johnathon D.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Fowler, Joseph W.; Hilton, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.; Schmidt, D. R.; Swetz, Daniel S.; Vale, Leila R.; Ullom, Joel N.

doi:10.1063/1.4986222

Cited by 97 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The flux ramp rate is 62.5 kHz, which in this implementation, sets the effective detector sampling rate to the same value. The output of the µmux is amplified by a High-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) amplifier mounted at 4 K with a noise temperature T N ≈ 3 K. To monitor current from each bolometer, we use the same software defined radio-based room temperature electronics as described in Mates et al 14 …”

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confidence: 99%

Microwave SQUID multiplexer demonstration for cosmic microwave background imagers

Dober

Becker

Bennett

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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Key performance characteristics are demonstrated for the microwave SQUID multiplexer (µmux) coupled to transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers that have been optimized for cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations. In a 64-channel demonstration, we show that the µmux produces a white, input referred current noise level of 29 pA/Hz at −77 dB microwave probe tone power, which is well below expected fundamental detector and photon noise sources for a ground-based CMB-optimized bolometer. Operated with negligible photon loading, we measure 98 pA/Hz in the TES-coupled channels biased at 65% of the sensor normal resistance. This noise level is consistent with that predicted from bolometer thermal fluctuation (i.e. phonon) noise. Furthermore, the power spectral density is white over a range of frequencies down to ~ 100 mHz, which enables CMB mapping on large angular scales that constrain the physics of inflation. Additionally, we report cross-talk measurements that indicate a level below 0.3%, which is less than the level of cross-talk from multiplexed readout systems in deployed CMB imagers. These measurements demonstrate the µmux as a viable readout technique for future CMB imaging instruments.

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confidence: 99%

Microwave SQUID multiplexer demonstration for cosmic microwave background imagers

Dober

Becker

Bennett

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Notably, multiplex readout is permitted, along the lines of the SQUID multiplexing scheme discussed in Refs. [2,65]. In this scheme, a rf-SQUID is inductively coupled to a resonator, with a specific characteristic frequency.…”

Section: E the Readoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic representation of a multiplexing scheme for JTCs, along the lines of the SQUID-based multiplexing scheme implemented in Ref [65]…”

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confidence: 99%

Josephson-Threshold Calorimeter

et al. 2019

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We suggest a single-photon thermal detector based on the abrupt jump of the critical current of a temperature-biased tunnel Josephson junction formed by different superconductors, working in the dissipationless regime. The electrode with the lower critical temperature is used as a radiation sensing element, so it is thermally floating and is connected to an antenna/absorber. The warming up resulting from the absorption of a photon can induce a drastic measurable enhancement of the critical current of the junction. We propose a detection scheme based on a threshold mechanism for single-or multi-photon detection. This Josephson threshold detector has indeed calorimetric capabilities being able to discriminate the energy of the incident photon. So, for the realistic setup that we discuss, our detector can efficiently work as a calorimeter for photons from the mid infrared, through the optical, into the ultraviolet, specifically, for photons with frequencies in the range [30 − 9 × 10 4 ] THz. In the whole range of detectable frequencies, we obtain a resolving power significantly larger than one. In order to reveal the signal, we suggest the fast measurement of the Josephson kinetic inductance. Indeed, the photon-induced change in the critical current affects the Josephson kinetic inductance of the junction, which can be non-invasively read through an LC tank circuit, inductively coupled to the junction. Finally, this readout scheme shows remarkable multiplexing capabilities.

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“…The μMUX read-out leverages the Software Defined Radio (SDR) implemented in the firmware of a ROACH-2 board by NIST [18].…”

Section: Tes Microcalorimeters Microwave Multiplexed Read-out and Daqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct neutrino mass measurement by the HOLMES experiment

Nucciotti

Alpert

Balata

et al. 2018

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Simultaneous readout of 128 X-ray and gamma-ray transition-edge microcalorimeters using microwave SQUID multiplexing

Cited by 97 publications

References 14 publications

Microwave SQUID multiplexer demonstration for cosmic microwave background imagers

Microwave SQUID multiplexer demonstration for cosmic microwave background imagers

Josephson-Threshold Calorimeter

Direct neutrino mass measurement by the HOLMES experiment

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