Simultaneous screening and quantification of 52 common pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in hair using UPLC–TOF-MS

Nielsen, Marie Katrine Klose; Johansen, Sys Stybe; Dalsgaard, Petur Weihe; Línnet, Kristían

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.027

Cited by 145 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…When combined with other central nervous system depressants such as alcohol and opiates, the potential for toxicity increases. Multiresidue LC-MS analysis of benzodiazepines has frequently been reported, using either selected-ion monitoring (SIM) on single-quadrupole instruments (Kratzsch et al, 2004;Ishida et al, 2009), SRM on triple-quadrupole instruments (e.g., Villain et al, 2005;Marin et al, 2008;Badawi et al, 2009;Nakamura et al, 2009;Glover & Allen, 2010;Marin & McMillin, 2010), SRM on ion-trap instrument (Smink et al, 2004), or accurate-mass determination on time-of-flight instruments Nielsen et al, 2010). The benzodiazepines are analyzed in matrices such as whole blood, plasma, serum, urine, hair, meconium, and saliva.…”

Section: Benzodiazepinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Niessen¹

2011

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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The identification of drugs and related compounds by LC-MS-MS is an important analytical challenge in several application areas, including clinical and forensic toxicology, doping control analysis, and environmental analysis. Although target-compound based analytical strategies are most frequently applied, at some point the information content of the MS-MS spectra becomes relevant. In this article, the positive-ion MS-MS spectra of a wide variety of drugs and related substances are discussed. Starting point was an MS-MS mass spectral library of toxicologically relevant compounds, available on the internet. The positive-ion MS-MS spectra of ∼570 compounds were interpreted by chemical and therapeutic class, thus involving a wide variety of drug compound classes, such benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, phenothiazines, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, diuretics, local anesthetics, vasodilators, as well as various subclasses of anti-diabetic, antidepressant, analgesic, and antihistaminic drugs. In addition, the scientific literature was searched for available MS-MS data of these compound classes and the interpretation thereof. The results of this elaborate study are presented in this article. For each individual compound class, the emphasis is on class-specific fragmentation, as discussing fragmentation of all individual compounds would take far too much space. The recognition of class-specific fragmentation may be quite informative in determining the compound class of a specific unknown, which may further help in the identification. In addition, knowledge on (class-specific) fragmentation may further help in the optimization of the selectivity in targeted analytical approaches of compounds of one particular class.

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Section: Benzodiazepinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Niessen¹

2011

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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“…As can be expected from its pharmacological effects, ketamine has been used in DFCs [8]. Many methods and techniques have been developed, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [16][17][18], high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [19,20] and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) [21,22], to the analysis of ketamine in hair. Identification of ketamine and its metabolites in hair following chronic drug use has been documented previously [16,17,[20][21][22], but has rarely been documented after exposure to a single dose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposition of ketamine and norketamine in hair after a single dose

et al. 2010

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As a rapid-acting dissociative anesthetic, ketamine has been used in drug-facilitated crimes. The aim of this study is to investigate the disposition of ketamine and its main metabolite norketamine in hair after a single dose of ketamine. Four healthy volunteers were recruited into the study. Hair was collected 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after a single oral dose of ketamine solution (10 mg) and analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The wet cotton swab wiped the scalp of the subjects at 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 1 week after administration. Maximum hair concentrations (C (max)) for ketamine and norketamine were 19.0 ± 6.5 and 18.7 ± 13.3 pg/mg, respectively. Except for the first week, the ratio of ketamine to norketamine in most of segments (87.5%) was greater than 1. All the cotton swab samples collected at 24 and 48 h were positive. The results from cotton swabs and the concentrations of ketamine and norketamine in hair segments collected at different times showed that some of ketamine and norketamine incorporated into hair originated from sweat and sebum on the scalp of the subjects.

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“…Due to the ability of LC systems to withstand high pressures has become more available, UPLC/MS methods are being developed; advantages of UPLC over HPLC include decreased run time, reduced solvent consumption, improved peak capacity and sensitivity, which allows multi-analyte screening (Nielsen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Hplcmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Analytical Techniques to Detect Toxic Synthetic Drug, Sibutramine, Adulterated in Traditional Herbal Medicines

Gadit¹,

Kandiah²

2017

International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology

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Traditional herbal medicines (THM's) are still being used worldwide in at least 80% of the population, mainly in developing countries, due to the assumption that they are safer and cheaper. However, these medicines are now being adulterated with synthetic drugs causing toxic effects. One such drug is Sibutramine, a drug used for weight loss. Although Sibutramine has several promising weight loss effects, it causes several toxic side effects; this resulted in its banning and withdrawal from the market. Despite this, it is still being adulterated in herbal medicines and needs to be detected. It is detected using several analytical techniques such as TLC, GC, LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, QTOF-LC/MS and more recently, spectroscopic techniques. Out of all the techniques, QTOF-LC/MS detected concentrations of Sibutramine adulterated in 9.4 mg (not clear what this means) and had LOD and LOQ values of 0.4-2.0 µg kg-1 and 1.3-6.0 µg kg-1 respectively; therefore, QTOF-LC/MS is the best technique developed up to date when compared to all the other techniques. However, research is currently ongoing to combine spectroscopic techniques other than MS, to overcome disadvantages such as lack of global information, false-positive results, time and labor consumption to detect Sibutramine adulteration in the future.

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Simultaneous screening and quantification of 52 common pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in hair using UPLC–TOF-MS

Cited by 145 publications

References 33 publications

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Disposition of ketamine and norketamine in hair after a single dose

The Use of Analytical Techniques to Detect Toxic Synthetic Drug, Sibutramine, Adulterated in Traditional Herbal Medicines

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