Simultaneous UV–Visible Absorption and Raman Spectroelectrochemistry

Abstract

The development of a new device based on the use of UV-vis bare optical fibers in a long optical path length configuration and the measurement of the Raman response in normal arrangement allows us to perform UV-vis and Raman spectroelectrochemistry simultaneously in a single experiment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a spectroelectrochemistry device is able to record both spectroscopic responses at the same time, which further expands the versatility of spectroelectrochemistry techniques and enables us to obtain much more high-quality information in a single experiment. Three different electrochemical systems, such as ferrocyanide, dopamine, and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, have been studied to validate the cell and to demonstrate the performance of the device. Processes that take place in solution can be properly distinguished from processes that occur on the electrode surface during the electrochemical experiment, providing a whole picture of the reactions taking place at the electrode/solution interface. Therefore, this device allows us to study a larger number of complex electrochemical processes from different points of view taking into account not only the UV-vis spectral changes in the solution adjacent to the electrode but also the Raman signal at any location. Furthermore, complementary information, which could not be unambiguously extracted without considering together the two spectroscopic signals and the electrochemical response, is obtained in a novel way.

A fluorescence-electrochemical study of carbon nanodots (CNDs) in bio- and photoelectronic applications and energy gap investigation

“…44, 45 Figure 3A shows cyclic voltammograms (CV) of a ferri-/ferrocyanide solution at scan rates of 10, 20, 50, and 100 mV/s. Figure 3B shows the fluorescence intensity of the CNDs solution (using 360 nm excitation) with increasing potassium ferricyanide (K 3 Fe(CN) 6 ) concentration.…”

Spectroelectrochemical Sensing: Current Trends and Challenges

“…In addition, the combination of different SEC techniques yields more powerful instrumentation to analyze an electrochemical process. A good example is the synergy of UV/Vis‐SEC and Raman‐SEC . As mentioned above, the calculation capacity of computers is very high in this century, which simplifies the management of all this information and the subsequent data analysis to evaluate the results.…”

“…Combination of more than one spectroscopic technique should provide much more information on the electrode process, and therefore on the analytical method. Recently, the combination of Raman‐SEC and UV/Vis‐SEC in parallel mode has been reported , yielding concomitantly information about the electrochemistry of compounds in solution and about the electrode surface. Schumann et al .…”

Silver nanoparticles/free-standing carbon nanotube Janus membranes.

“…Spectroelectrochemistry is one of the most powerful techniques in the study of a huge variety of chemical systems [51][52][53]. The combination of electrochemistry and spectroscopy is undoubtedly a successful coupling; it provides simultaneously the advantages of both techniques and offers very unique possibilities that are not achievable by electrochemistry or spectroscopy independently.…”

“…The combination of electrochemistry and spectroscopy is undoubtedly a successful coupling; it provides simultaneously the advantages of both techniques and offers very unique possibilities that are not achievable by electrochemistry or spectroscopy independently. The great usefulness of this technique has been reflected in the study of, for example, reaction mechanisms, compounds of biological interest, characterization of compounds and materials of completely different nature, diffusive and adsorptive processes, and quantitative analysis [51,[54][55][56][57].…”