Simvastatin vs. l-carnitine: an experimental study on optimizing nerve repair

Namazi, Hamid; Emami, Mohammad Jafar; Nazhvani, Fatemeh Dehghani; Nazhvani, Ali Dehghani

doi:10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.25821-19.2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Also, it must be considered that axon count can demonstrate more precise results than fascicle count because some nerves have more fascicles with less axon fibers. However, combining such clinical trials with optimizing nerve repair techniques and drugs can be helpful to gain more valuable clinical results [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor nerve graft assessment for covering thumb nerve defects: a cadaveric study

et al. 2020

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Background Even though several studies reported donor autologous nerve grafts for digital nerve defects, there is no report in the literature regarding acceptable graft for thumb nerves. The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines for autologous nerve graft selection by detecting similarities between thumb nerve zones and donor nerve with regard to the number of fascicles and cross-sectional area. Materials and methods Five cadavers were used in this study. An anatomical zoning system was defined for thumb nerves (zones 1, 2, 3). Sural nerve (SN), medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MABCN), lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LABCN), posterior interosseous nerve (PIN), and anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) were selected as donor nerve grafts. The number of fascicles and surface area (mm2) was defined. Results The mean of the fascicle number in zone 1, zone 2, zone 3, AIN, PIN, LABCN, MABCN, and SN were 3.8, 4.7, 6.1, 2.2, 1.8, 4.5, 3.1, and 6.4, respectively. The mean of the surface area in zone 1, zone 2, zone 3, AIN, PIN, LABCN, MABCN, and SN were 2.19, 6.26, 4.04, 1.58, 0.71, 5.00, 3.01, and 8.06, respectively. Conclusions LABCN is the best choice for all zones that has fascicular matching with all three zones of thumb nerves and caliber matching with zones 2 and 3. In zone 1, the best nerve graft is MABCN which has both suitable caliber and fascicle count.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor nerve graft assessment for covering thumb nerve defects: a cadaveric study

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, L-carnitine has been reported to play a key role in treating diabetes-induced retinopathy and neuropathy as shown by a decrease in the level of L-carnitine in the sciatic nerve. Additionally, it exerts antinflammatory activity by decreasing interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1b, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) levels [69] and antifibrotic activity [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing effects of L-carnitine and sildenafil citrate on histopathologic recovery from sciatic nerve crush injury in female albino rats

zedan

Bashandy

2022

Folia Morphol

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Background:The sciatic nerve is a peripheral nerve and is more vulnerable to compression with subsequent short-or long-term neuronal dysfunction. The current study was designed to elucidate the possible ameliorative effect of L-carnitine and sildenafil (SIL) on sciatic nerve crush injury. We sought to determine the effects of L-carnitine, a neuroprotective and a neuro-modulatory agent, and SIL citrate, a selective peripheral phosphodiesterases inhibitor, on modulating neuro-degenerative changes due to sciatic nerve compression. Materials and methods: The comparative effect of L-carnitine (at an oral dose of 20 mg/kg/day) or SIL citrate (20 mg/kg/day orally) administration for 21 days was studied in a rat model of sciatic nerve compression. Sciatic nerve sections were subjected to biochemical, histological, ultrastructure, and immunohistochemical studies to observe the effects of these treatments on neurofilament protein. Results:The sciatic nerve crush injury group (group II) showed a significant decrease in tissue catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) as compared to control group (p < 0.01). Histological changes in the form of degenerated and vacuolated axoplasm with areas of nerve fibre loss and pyknotic nuclei were reported. The blood vessels were dilated, congested with areas of haemorrhage and mononuclear cell infiltration. Histo-morphometrically, a statistically significant reduction in the nerve fibres' number, mean axon cross-sectional area, myelin sheath thickness and a significant increase in collagen fibres' percentage (p < 0.05) as compared to control group. Immunohistochemically, neurofilament protein was significantly downregulated as proved by a significant reduction in mean area per cent of neurofilament expression. L-carnitine ameliorated the studied parameters through its neuroprotective effect while SIL, a selective peripheral phosphodiesterases (PDE-5) inhibitor, improved crush injury parameters but with less extent than L-carnitine. Conclusions: These findings indicate the valuable effects of L-carnitine administration compared to that of SIL citrate in alleviating the serious debilitating effects of sciatic nerve crush injury. Our results provide a new insight into the scope of neuroprotective and neuro-regenerative effects of L-carnitine in a sciatic nerve compression model.

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Recent Findings on the Effects of Pharmacological Agents on the Nerve Regeneration after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Bolandghamat

Rassouli

2020

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: Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are accompanied with neuropathic pain and functional disability. Despite improvements in surgical repair techniques in recent years, the functional recovery is yet unsatisfied. Indeed a successful nerve repair depends not only on the surgical strategy, but also on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in traumatic nerve injury. In contrast to all strategies suggested for nerve repair, pharmacotherapy is a cheap, accessible and non-invasive treatment that can be used immediately after nerve injury. This study aimed to review the effects of some pharmacological agents on the nerve regeneration after traumatic PNI evaluated by functional, histological and electrophysiological assessments. Also, some cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic actions, restricted to neural tissue, are suggested. These findings can not only help to find better strategies for peripheral nerve repair, but also to identify the neuropathic effects of various medications and their mechanisms of action.

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Simvastatin vs. l-carnitine: an experimental study on optimizing nerve repair

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Donor nerve graft assessment for covering thumb nerve defects: a cadaveric study

Donor nerve graft assessment for covering thumb nerve defects: a cadaveric study

Comparing effects of L-carnitine and sildenafil citrate on histopathologic recovery from sciatic nerve crush injury in female albino rats

Recent Findings on the Effects of Pharmacological Agents on the Nerve Regeneration after Peripheral Nerve Injury

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