Single ALA-PDT irradiation induces increase in mast cells degranulation and neuropeptide acute response in chronic venous ulcers: A pilot study

Grandi, Vieri; Paroli, Gaia; Puliti, Elisa; Bacci, Stefano; Pimpinelli, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102222

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Interactions between the nerves and other cells involved in wound healing, such as MCs, are crucial in the healing process and the expression in their cytoplasm of NGF and VIP clearly demonstrate this hypothesis and these mediators are able to interact with neurons and nerve fibers of the dermis, thus obtaining an improvement. The activation of nerve fibers could in turn be related to other phenomena in chronic wounds such as the increased secretion of extracellular matrix by fibroblasts as has been observed previously in the increase of TGF-beta and the response of cellular infiltrates [78][79][80]. Further work will undoubtedly be necessary to clarify these pathological disease states and potential mechanisms to aid in their resolution.…”

Section: Neurogenic Stimuli and Mast Cells In Chronic Would Healingmentioning

confidence: 80%

Fine Regulation during Wound Healing by Mast Cells, a Physiological Role Not Yet Clarified

Bacci

2022

IJMS

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Mast cells (MCs) are bone marrow-derived cells capable of secreting many active molecules, ranging from the mediators stored in specific granules, some of which have been known about for several decades (histamine, heparin), to small molecules produced immediately upon stimulation (membrane lipid derivatives, nitric oxide), to a host of constitutively secreted, multifunctional cytokines. With the aid of a wide array of mediators, the activated MCs control the key events of inflammation and therefore participate in the regulation of local immune response. On the basis of the structure, origin, principal subtypes, localization and function of these cells, their involvement in injury repair is therefore to be considered in acute and chronic conditions, respectively. The importance of MCs in regulating the healing processes is underscored by the proposed roles of a surplus or a deficit of their mediators in the formation of exuberant granulation tissue (such as keloids and hypertrophic scars), the delayed closure or dehiscence of wounds and the transition of acute to chronic inflammation.

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Section: Neurogenic Stimuli and Mast Cells In Chronic Would Healingmentioning

confidence: 80%

Fine Regulation during Wound Healing by Mast Cells, a Physiological Role Not Yet Clarified

Bacci

2022

IJMS

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“…Interactions between nerves and other cells involved in wound healing, such as MCs, are crucial in the healing process [ 24 , 56 , 58 ], and MCs are commonly observed in chronic wound samples [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. An example of this functional relationship comes from a recent study [ 59 ], which investigated, in ALA-PDT-treated chronic wounds, MC interaction with neuronal cells containing neurotransmitters involved in wound healing processes, such as CGRP, NGF, NKA, NPY, SP, PGP 9.5, and VIP [ 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Pdt and Chronic Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of this study [ 59 ] demonstrate that, in chronic wounds treated with ALA-PDT, there is an increase in neuronal populations containing mediators involved in wound healing, as well as that relating to the percentage of MCs containing NGF and VIP.…”

Section: Pdt and Chronic Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that MCs exhibit numerous interactions with nerve fibers [ 57 , 58 ], and that the VIP and NGF content in their granules increases [ 59 ] after treatment, is interesting. Keeping this in mind, at least in our model, it can be assumed that MC activity after therapy (i.e., their degranulation), probably due to a receptor [ 60 ], increases the release of NGF and VIP, which are able to interact with neurons and nerve fibers of the dermis, thus obtaining an improvement.…”

Section: Pdt and Chronic Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular Mechanisms in Acute and Chronic Wounds after PDT Therapy: An Update

et al. 2022

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PDT is a two-stage treatment that combines light energy with a photosensitizer designed to destroy cancerous and precancerous cells after light activation. Photosensitizers are activated by a specific wavelength of light energy, usually from a laser. The photosensitizer is nontoxic until it is activated by light. However, after light activation, the photosensitizer becomes toxic to the targeted tissue. Among sensitizers, the topical use of ALA, a natural precursor of protoporphyrin IX, a precursor of the heme group, and a powerful photosensitizing agent, represents a turning point for PDT in the dermatological field, as it easily absorbable by the skin. Wound healing requires a complex interaction and coordination of different cells and molecules. Any alteration in these highly coordinated events can lead to either delayed or excessive healing. The goal of this review is to elucidate the cellular mechanisms involved, upon treatment with ALA-PDT, in chronic wounds, which are often associated with social isolation and high costs in terms of care.

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“…Mast cells are essential for controlling the bacterial load and wound healing ( 92 ). ALA-PDT could induce the rapid recruitment of mast cells, and cause further degranulation and release of inflammatory molecules, thereby stimulating the peripheral nerves to promote healing ( 93 ). A controlled study confirmed the important role of mast cells in PDT for ulcers, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in the number of mast cell, degranulation index, and the expression of the basic fibroblast growth factor ( 63 ).…”

Section: The Effects Of Photosensitizer-based Therapies On Skin Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The photosensitizer-based therapies enhance the repairing of skin wounds

Ning

Zeng

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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Wound repair remains a clinical challenge and bacterial infection is a common complication that may significantly delay healing. Therefore, proper and effective wound management is essential. The photosensitizer-based therapies mainly stimulate the photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species through appropriate excitation source irradiation, thereby killing pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, they initiate local immune responses by inducing the recruitment of immune cells as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, these therapies can stimulate the proliferation, migration and differentiation of skin resident cells, and improve the deposition of extracellular matrix; subsequently, they promote the re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Studies in multiple animal models and human skin wounds have proved that the superior sterilization property and biological effects of photosensitizer-based therapies during different stages of wound repair. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in photosensitizer-based therapies for enhancing tissue regeneration, and suggest more effective therapeutics for patients with skin wounds.

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Single ALA-PDT irradiation induces increase in mast cells degranulation and neuropeptide acute response in chronic venous ulcers: A pilot study

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Fine Regulation during Wound Healing by Mast Cells, a Physiological Role Not Yet Clarified

Fine Regulation during Wound Healing by Mast Cells, a Physiological Role Not Yet Clarified

Cellular Mechanisms in Acute and Chronic Wounds after PDT Therapy: An Update

The photosensitizer-based therapies enhance the repairing of skin wounds

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