Single CD271 marker isolates mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising tool in regenerative medicine due to their capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages. In addition to MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BMSCs), adult MSCs are isolated from craniofacial tissues including dental pulp tissues (DPs) using various stem cell surface markers. However, there has been a lack of consensus on a set of surface makers that are reproducibly effective at isolating putative multipotent dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs). In this study, we used different combinations of surface markers (CD51/CD140α, CD271, and STRO-1/CD146) to isolate homogeneous populations of DMSCs from heterogeneous dental pulp cells (DPCs) obtained from DP and compared their capacity to undergo multilineage differentiation. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting revealed that 27.3% of DPCs were CD51+/CD140α+, 10.6% were CD271+, and 0.3% were STRO-1+/CD146+. Under odontogenic conditions, all three subsets of isolated DMSCs exhibited differentiation capacity into odontogenic lineages. Among these isolated subsets of DMSCs, CD271+ DMSCs demonstrated the greatest odontogenic potential. While all three combinations of surface markers in this study successfully isolated DMSCs from DPCs, the single CD271 marker presents the most effective stem cell surface marker for identification of DMSCs with high odontogenic potential. Isolated CD271+ DMSCs could potentially be utilized for future clinical applications in dentistry and regenerative medicine.

Immunophenotyping Reveals the Diversity of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In vivo and Their Evolution upon In vitro Amplification

“…This lower amount may be explained by the fact that we have excluded the CD31 + CD146 + DP cells, which represent DP endothelial cells (Nakashima et al, 2009). Conversely, the percentage of CD271 + and MSCA-1 + cells was similar to that reported in other studies (Waddington et al, 2009; Alvarez et al, 2015; Tomlinson et al, 2015, 2016; Pan et al, 2016; Yasui et al, 2016). We next investigated whether the various DP-MSC subpopulations expressed another one of these markers.…”

“…Although no definitive MSC markers have been identified so far (Lv et al, 2014), DP-MSC populations have been characterized mainly on the basis of the expression of cell surface molecules including the bone marrow cell membrane antigen Stro-1 (Gronthos et al, 2000; Alliot-Licht et al, 2005), the melanoma cell adhesion molecule MCAM/CD146 (a marker of perivascular MSCs; Shi and Gronthos, 2003; Lv et al, 2014; Harkness et al, 2016), the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor p75NTR/CD271 (Waddington et al, 2009; Lv et al, 2014; Alvarez et al, 2015; Tomlinson et al, 2016), the mesenchymal stem cell antigen MSCA-1 (also known as TNAP/Tissue Non-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase; Sobiesiak et al, 2010; Tomlinson et al, 2015), and the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM/CD56 (a marker of neural and muscular MSC populations; Battula et al, 2009; Sobiesiak et al, 2010; Bonnamain et al, 2013; Lv et al, 2014). We recently isolated and easily amplified in culture a population of MSCs from the DP of human developing third molars with a medicinal manufacturing approach (Ducret et al, 2015b).…”

p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates differential mineralization of rat ectomesenchymal stem cells

“…Results suggested that E19.5d EMSCs possessed stronger mineralization and odontogenesis potential. The findings were consistent with previous study: the expression levels of Dlx5 and Msx2 of p75NTR‐positive EMSCs were higher than the p75NTR‐negative EMSCs. Further, Dlx/Msx family homeodomain genes Dlx5 and msx2 (Fig.…”

Stem Cells of Dental Origin: Current Research Trends and Key Milestones towards Clinical Application

“…Finally, in a recent study [64], the importance of CD271/NGFR in defining a subpopulation of DPSCs with enhanced odontogenic differentiation potential, as compared to other (CD51/CD140a and STRO-1/CD146) subpopulations also showing odontogenic differentiation capacity, has been emphasized. This is in accordance with studies on BMMSCs showing that CD271/NGFR defines an infrequent but very primitive subset (<1%) of the cell population showing enhanced stem cell characteristics [65].…”