Single-Dose Hepatitis A Immunization: 7.5-Year Observational Pilot Study in Nicaraguan Children to Assess Protective Effectiveness and Humoral Immune Memory Response

Mayorga, Orlando; Bühler, Silja; Jaeger, Veronika K.; Bally, Seraina; Hatz, Christoph; Frösner, Gert; Protzer, Ulrike; Damme, Pierre Van; Egger, Matthias; Herzog, Christian

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiw411

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In endemic settings, a single HAV vaccine dose induces HAV-specific cellular memory immune responses similar to natural infection that are likely sufficient to ensure protection and natural boosting when exposed to HAV, independently of the circulating antibody levels achieved [56,57]. Indeed, a single dose universal HAV vaccination program for children has been introduced in some countries in Latin America [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical experience with the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, Avaxim 80U Pediatric

Bravo

Mege

Vigne

et al. 2019

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Introduction: Hepatitis A, caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV), is primarily transmitted via the fecal/oral route either through ingestion of contaminated food and water or through direct contact with an infectious person. Prevalence of hepatitis A is strongly correlated with socioeconomic factors, decreasing with increased socioeconomic development, access to clean water and sanitation. Vaccination against HAV should be part of a comprehensive plan for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis, either as part of regular childhood immunization programs or with other recommended vaccines for travelers. Areas covered: We present here evidence for the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated HAV pediatric vaccine (Avaxim® 80U Pediatric, Sanofi Pasteur), indicated for use in children aged 12 months to 15 years. Data evaluated are from trials undertaken during the clinical development of this vaccine, a systematic literature review and post-market pharmacovigilance. Expert opinion: The pediatric HAV vaccine is highly immunogenic and generates long-lasting protection against hepatitis A disease in children. The safety and immunogenicity data presented in this review suggest that the pediatric HAV vaccine is a valuable option in the prevention of HAV infection in children in many areas of the world where the disease remains a healthcare issue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical experience with the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, Avaxim 80U Pediatric

Bravo

Mege

Vigne

et al. 2019

Expert Review of Vaccines

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“…The cost saving decision 175 was based on a prediction that immune memory would afford protection against HAV following administration of a single vaccine dose, and that this would be sufficient for protection in case of future exposure to wild-type HAV. 100,101,176 Following introduction of the program, the incidence of reported acute hepatitis A in Argentina, which fluctuated between 70.5-173.8 cases/100,000 between 1995-2004, dropped rapidly to $10 cases/100,000 in all age groups, representing a >80% decrease in incidence 157,177 (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Active Immunisation With Hepatitis a Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A viral hepatitis: A summary and update on the molecular virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention

Lemon

Ott

Damme

et al. 2018

Journal of Hepatology

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Although epidemic jaundice was well known to physicians of antiquity, it is only in recent years that medical science has begun to unravel the origins of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and the unique pathobiology underlying acute hepatitis A in humans. Improvements in sanitation and the successful development of highly efficacious vaccines have markedly reduced the worldwide prevalence and incidence of this enterically-transmitted infection over the past quarter century, yet the virus persists in vulnerable populations and remains a common cause of food-borne disease outbreaks in economically-advantaged societies. Reductions in the prevalence of HAV have led to increases in the median age at which infection occurs, often resulting in more severe disease in affected persons and paradoxical increases in disease burden in some developing nations. Here, we summarize recent advances in the molecular virology of HAV, an atypical member of the Picornaviridae family, survey what is known of the pathogenesis of hepatitis A in humans and the host-pathogen interactions that typify the infection, and review medical and public health aspects of immunisation and disease prevention.

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“…About a decade later, similar live attenuated and inactivated HAV vaccines were also developed in China 34 and in Switzerland. 71 The efforts of these pioneers, the late Drs. Hilleman and Andre, to develop an "active HAV vaccine" paved the way for two pivotal vaccine efficacy controlled trials.…”

Section: An Official Learning Resource Of Aasldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History of Hepatitis A

Shouval

2020

Clin. Liver Dis.

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Single-Dose Hepatitis A Immunization: 7.5-Year Observational Pilot Study in Nicaraguan Children to Assess Protective Effectiveness and Humoral Immune Memory Response

Abstract: In children living in hyperendemic settings, a single dose of virosomal HAV vaccine is sufficient to activate immune memory and may provide long-term protection.

Cited by 26 publications

References 38 publications

Clinical experience with the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, Avaxim 80U Pediatric

Clinical experience with the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, Avaxim 80U Pediatric

Type A viral hepatitis: A summary and update on the molecular virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention

The History of Hepatitis A

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