Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Genes Encoding Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 8 and Their Association with Proviral Load of SRLVs in Goats of Polish Carpathian Breed

Olech, Monika; Ropka‐Molik, Katarzyna; Szmatoła, Tomasz; Piórkowska, Katarzyna; Kuźmak, Jacek

doi:10.3390/ani11071908

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Toll-like receptors, a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), are key elements of native immunity. While the role of SRLV-induced TLR signaling has not been widely studied in sheep and goats, it was shown that mutations in TLR7 and TLR8 may play an important role in susceptibility and/or resistance to SRLV infection [54,55]. Our results indicated that four genes belonging to the toll-like receptors family, TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, TLR7, were significantly upregulated in the infected goats compared to uninfected goats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Transcriptome Analysis for Genes Associated with Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Infection in Goats of Carpathian Breed

Olech

Ropka‐Molik

Szmatoła

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) are economically important viral pathogens of sheep and goats. SRLV infection may interfere in the innate and adaptive immunity of the host, and genes associated with resistance or susceptibility to infection with SRLV have not been fully recognized. The presence of animals with relatively high and low proviral load suggests that some host factors are involved in the control of virus replication. To better understand the role of the genes involved in the host response to SRLV infection, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) method was used to compare whole gene expression profiles in goats carrying both a high (HPL) and low (LPL) proviral load of SRLV and uninfected animals. Data enabled the identification of 1130 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and LPL groups: 411 between control and HPL groups and 1434 DEGs between HPL and LPL groups. DEGs detected between the control group and groups with a proviral load were found to be significantly enriched in several gene ontology (GO) terms, including an integral component of membrane, extracellular region, response to growth factor, inflammatory and innate immune response, transmembrane signaling receptor activity, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway as well as regulation of cytokine secretion. Our results also demonstrated significant deregulation of selected pathways in response to viral infection. The presence of SRLV proviral load in blood resulted in the modification of gene expression belonging to the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the phagosome, the Ras signaling pathway, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway and rheumatoid arthritis. It is worth mentioning that the most predominant in all pathways were genes represented by toll-like receptors, tubulins, growth factors as well as interferon gamma receptors. DEGs detected between LPL and HPL groups were found to have significantly enriched regulation of signaling receptor activity, the response to toxic substances, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase complex assembly, cytokine production, vesicle, and vacuole organization. In turn, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway tool classified DEGs that enrich molecular processes such as B and T-cell receptor signaling pathways, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, toll-like receptor signaling pathways, TNF, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and forkhead box O (Foxo) signaling pathways, etc. Our data indicate that changes in SRLV proviral load induced altered expression of genes related to different biological processes such as immune response, inflammation, cell locomotion, and cytokine production. These findings provide significant insights into defense mechanisms against SRLV infection. Furthermore, these data can be useful to develop strategies against SRLV infection by selection of animals with reduced SRLV proviral concentration that may lead to a reduction in the spread of the virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Transcriptome Analysis for Genes Associated with Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Infection in Goats of Carpathian Breed

Olech

Ropka‐Molik

Szmatoła

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…However ( Al-Sharif, 2022 ), identified DNA polymorphisms in the antioxidant and immunological genes as biomarkers for the tolerance and susceptibility to reproductive diseases in Baladi goats. TLR7 and TLR8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their relationship to the pro-viral load of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) in goats were found by ( Olech et al ., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual genomic loci, transcript level and biochemical profile of immune and antioxidant markers associated with genetically identified bacterial mastitis in Shami goats in Egypt

Ebissy,

Darwish,

Hafez

et al. 2024

Open Vet J

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Background: Mastitis in goats is unquestionably a grave concern, with far-reaching implications for both animal well-being and productivity, while also presenting a potential threat to public health. Aim: The study aimed to compare between culture methods and multiplex PCR (m-PCR) in detection of the most 3 common mastitis causing pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Streptococcus spp) and investigating the gene expression, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), serum concentrations of immunological and antioxidant indicators linked to mastitis in Shami goats. Methods: One hundred Shami does (fifty Shami goats with clinical mastitis and fifty normal goats taken as control group). The culture methods and m-PCR analysis were used to find the bacteria in the milk samples.Blood samples were obtained in order to assess some hemato-biochemical parameters, detect SNPs, and determine the expression of certain immunological and antioxidant indicators in the genes. Results: Culture method detected the pathogens causing mastitis in 90% of the milk samples, but m-PCR detected them in 100% of the milk samples. SNPs linked to mastitis resistance/susceptibility in examined does were detected through DNA sequencing of immunological and antioxidant indicators. Magnitude of gene expression varied significantly between the resistant and mastitis affected groups. Significant (P˂0.05) elevations were noticed in WBCs count, mainly neutrophils count, serum levels of BHB, NEFA, triglycerides, LDL-C, AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, total protein, globulin, Ca, K, GPx, MDA, acute phase proteins and cytokines in mastitis affected does as compared to control. While RBCs count, PCV%, lymphocytes count, serum concentration of glucose, cholesterol, HDL-C, albumin, Na, Cl, P, GSH, SOD, catalase significantly (P˂0.05) diminished in mastitis affected does compared to healthy ones. APPs and pro-inflammatory cytokines scored high sensitivities and NPVs but TNF-α and SAA had the highest percentages of increase. Conclusion: The study confirmed that m-PCR is the most sensitive method for bacteria identification (S. aureus, E. coli and Strept. spp.) while SNPs in antioxidant and immunological genes may be important genetic indicators for mastitis risk or resistance in Shami does. In order to establish an effective management plan and forecast the most sensitive risk time for illness onset, gene expression profiles of the tested genes may also be employed as proxy biomarkers. TNF-α and SAA may be precious indicators for detection of caprine mastitis.

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“…Numerous studies have implicated TLR genes in natural genetic resistance to a variety of diseases in sheep, including ovine paratuberculosis (Yaman 2020 ), Mycoplasma pneumonia infections (Du et al 2020 ), brucellosis (Li et al 2021 ), and Haemonchus contortus infections (Toscano et al 2019 ), outlining the importance of these genes in sheep health and immune system functioning. Several polymorphisms of the TLR genes have also been investigated and proven to be associated with sheep health and immunity (Taylor et al 2008 ; Mikula et al 2010 ; Olech et al 2021 ). In this study, the PIC value of rs430457884- TLR2 , rs55631273- TLR2 , and rs416833129- TLR5 indicated these SNPs to some degree, informative in detecting the polymorphism among individuals of the five populations investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism in European and African sheep breeds reared in Hungary based on 48 SNPs associated with resistance to gastrointestinal parasite infection using KASP-PCR technique

Astuti

Gavojdian

Ilie

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This pilot study used an alternative and economically efficient technique, the Kompetitive Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (KASP-PCR) to examine 48 SNPs from 11 parasite-resistance genes found on 8 chromosomes in 110 animals from five sheep breeds reared in Hungary; Hungarian Tsigai, White Dorper, Dorper, Ile de France, and Hungarian Merino. Allele and genotype frequencies, fixation index, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, F statistic, and their relationship with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (WHE) and the polymorphic information content (PIC) were determined, followed by principal component analysis (PCA). As much as 32 SNPs out of the 48 initially studied were successfully genotyped. A total of 9 SNPs, 4 SNPs in TLR5, 1 SNP in TLR8, and 4 SNPs in TLR2 genes, were polymorphic. The variable genotype and allele frequency of the TLRs gene indicated genetic variability among the studied sheep breeds, with the Hungarian Merino exhibiting the most polymorphisms, while Dorper was the population with the most SNPs departing from the HWE. According to the PIC value, the rs430457884-TLR2, rs55631273-TLR2, and rs416833129-TLR5 were found to be informative in detecting polymorphisms among individuals within the populations, whereas the rs429546187-TLR5 and rs424975389-TLR5 were found to have a significant influence in clustering the population studied. This study reported a moderate level of genetic variability and that a low to moderate within-breed diversity was maintained in the studied populations.

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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Genes Encoding Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 8 and Their Association with Proviral Load of SRLVs in Goats of Polish Carpathian Breed

Cited by 9 publications

References 60 publications

Transcriptome Analysis for Genes Associated with Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Infection in Goats of Carpathian Breed

Transcriptome Analysis for Genes Associated with Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Infection in Goats of Carpathian Breed

Individual genomic loci, transcript level and biochemical profile of immune and antioxidant markers associated with genetically identified bacterial mastitis in Shami goats in Egypt

Genetic polymorphism in European and African sheep breeds reared in Hungary based on 48 SNPs associated with resistance to gastrointestinal parasite infection using KASP-PCR technique

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